ターゲット
「高齢者は認知能力についてからかわれたり、無視されたり、相手にされなかったり、心身に障害があるとの思い込みが強くなっています。」[2021筑波大・前期]
Older people are teased about their (c ) abilities, (i ) and not taken seriously, and there is a greater (a ) that they have physical and mental impairments.
Older people are teased about their (cognitive) abilities, (ignored) and not taken seriously, and there is a greater (assumption) that they have physical and mental impairments.
「あなたは自分自身が英語で何かを言いたいことに気づく（としよう）。しかし、その言葉がちょうど頭に浮かんで来ない。」
You ( ) ( ) (w ) to say something in English. However, the words just don’t (c ) ( ) your ( ).
You (find) (yourelf) (wanting) to say something in English. However, the words just don’t (come) (into) your (mind).
While you're walking around Disney World on a hot day, debating which ride to check out next, chances are you're not swatting away mosquitoes. Of course, you might ( ) it ( ) (g ) (t ) there are no annoying bugs in the "Most Magical Place on Earth," But then, when you start to think more about it, how is it possible that a place like Disney World can avoid mosquitoes? [2021南山大・外国語]
While you're walking around Disney World on a hot day, debating which ride to check out next, chances are you're not swatting away mosquitoes. Of course, you might (take) it (for) (granted) (tthat) there are no annoying bugs in the "Most Magical Place on Earth," But then, when you start to think more about it, how is it possible that a place like Disney World can avoid mosquitoes?
According to some (l ), there are over 7,000 languages in the world, so (w ) I’m going to show is just a (t ) (s ) of words we can’t translate easily ( ) English or Japanese.
According to some (linguists), there are over 7,000 languages in the world, so (what) I’m going to show is just a (tiny) (sample) of words we can’t translate easily (into) English or Japanese.
My bike needs [どれ fixed / fixing / for fixing / being fixing / to fix / to be fixing ].
Where do you usually get your bike [どれ fixing / be fixed / fixed / to fix]?
[京都産業大・改]
My bike needs [fixing].
Where do you usually get your bike [fixed]?
「多くの専門家は、日本の若者の海外留学が減少しているのは、日本人の根強い「内向き志向」が原因であると考えてきた。」[2021神戸大・前期]
Many experts have (a ) the (d ※) in the number of young Japanese studying abroad ( ) their deep-seated "inward-oriented tendency" (uchimukishikou in Japanese).
Many experts have (attributed) the (decline) in the number of young Japanese studying abroad (to) their deep-seated "inward-oriented tendency" (uchimukishikou in Japanese).
Wabi-sabi was (d ) ( ) “elegant simplicity.” And a more (d ) explanation followed: “Wabi and sabi are the highest (a ) values in traditional Japanese arts. They (r ) ( ) a sense of quiet sadness and the (e ) of simplicity.” I felt like I was (l ) in a deep cloud. The concept was too (c ) for me to understand.
Wabi-sabi was (defined) (as) “elegant simplicity.” And a more (detailed) explanation followed: “Wabi and sabi are the highest (aesthetic) values in traditional Japanese arts. They (refer) (to) a sense of quiet sadness and the (encouragement) of simplicity.” I felt like I was (lost) in a deep cloud. The concept was too (complex) for me to understand.
It is said that elephants have good memories.
≒ Elephants are ( ).
Elephants are (said to have good memories).
Japanese has a word to describe this kind of “reading”: tsundoku! I love it.
( ) speakers of Japanese, you may not ( ) these words (u ). (Y ), non-native speakers of Japanese often find them unique ( ) Japan.
Japanese has a word to describe this kind of “reading”: tsundoku! I love it.
(As) speakers of Japanese, you may not (find) these words (unique). (Yet), non-native speakers of Japanese often find them unique (to) Japan.
Jeff ( ) to get the job that he had wanted.
➀ gave up ➁ failed ③ succeeded ➃ told
➁ failed
「どのシナプスが残り、どのシナプスが消えるのか？シナプスは回路にうまく参加すると強化され、逆に役に立たないと弱くなり、やがて取り除かれる。」[2021お茶の水女子大・前期]
Which synapses stay and which go? When a synapse successfully (p ) in a circuit, it is strengthened; in contrast, synapses weaken if they aren't useful, and eventually they are (e ).
Which synapses stay and which go? When a synapse successfully (participates) in a circuit, it is strengthened; in contrast, synapses weaken if they aren't useful, and eventually they are (eliminated).
The (e ) "How do you say ... In English?" is so useful ( ) you may want to use it ( ) ( ) you are ( ) a ( ) ( ) words.
The (expressions) "How do you say ... In English?" is so useful (that) you may want to use it (every) (time) you are (at) a (loss) (for) words.
Of the four demons that split from Hantengu, what is the name of the flying demon? Write it in Chinese characters.
空喜（うろぎ）
You may ( ) ( ) fascinating how different languages conceptualize the world ( ) different ( ). It seems there is no (l ) ( ) ( ) you can say in simple words.
You may (find) (it) fascinating how different languages conceptualize the world (in) different (ways). It seems there is no (limit) (to) (what) you can say in simple words.
How old is Muichiro?
➀11 ➁12 ③13 ➃14
➃14
Michael: Why are you so keen on seeing this particular old movie?
Louise: It's enormously influential. Many (c ) artists credit it as a (s ) of inspiration. Not only filmmakers, but also artists, fashion designers, and architects all (r ) it as an important cultural landmark.
「現代の芸術家の多くが発想の源としてこの映画を評価しているの。映画監督だけでなく、アーティスト、ファッションデザイナー、建築家も、この映画を重要な文化的ランドマークとみなしているのよ。」[2021名古屋大・前期]
Many (contemporary) artists credit it as a (source) of inspiration. Not only filmmakers, but also artists, fashion designers, and architects all (regard) it as an important cultural landmark.
「その植木は、１週間か２週間後にお客さんが取りに来るまで、世話をする必要があります。」[ワークブック]
The plants need to (４語で) until one of the customers pick them up in a week or two.
The plants need to (be taken care of) until one of the customers pick them up in a week or two.
Akiko [ ] at the restaurant.
Akiko [had her wallet stolen] at the restaurant.
「実験結果は私たちの予想をはるかに超えるものだった。」[ワークブック]
The result of the experiment ( ) far ( ) our expectations.
The result of the experiment (went) far (beyond) our expectations.
The rainy weather yesterday ( ) them to postpone their picnic in the woods.
➀ allowed ➁ caused ③ prevented ➃ made
[城西大]
The rainy weather yesterday (caused) them to postpone their picnic in the woods.