Life Course Perspective
Group of people who were born during the same time period and who experience particular social changes within a given culture in the same sequence and at approximately the same age.
cohort
Infancy typically refers to the period from ___ to ____
New born to 12 months
This theory helps social workers understand how an infant’s development is influenced by different levels of their environment.
bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory
During early childhood, children typically develop this motor skill that includes hopping, jumping, and skipping.
Gross Motor Skills
According to Piaget, children in middle childhood enter this stage, where they develop logical thinking about concrete events.
concrete operational stage
Change in roles and statuses that represents a distinct departure from prior roles and statuses
Transition
This is the term for the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation.
Miscarriage
According to Piaget, infants are in this cognitive stage from birth to about 2 years old
sensorimotor stage
According to Piaget, children in early childhood are in this cognitive stage characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism.
preoperational stage
In Erikson’s psychosocial theory, children in middle childhood face this stage, focused on mastering skills and developing competence.
industry vs. inferiority
Relatively stable long-term processes and patterns of events, involving multiple transitions
Trajectory
This age begins at the time of conception and is used to track fetal development, typically two weeks shorter than gestational age.
Fertilization age
This term refers to the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver.
attachment
In early childhood, this psychosocial stage (according to Erikson) involves children asserting power and control through play and social interactions.
initiative vs. guilt
A physical or mental injury generally associated with violence, shock, or an unanticipated situation.
Trauma
Significant occurrence in a person’s life that may produce serious and long-lasting effects
Life event
This is the most common form of assisted reproduction, where an egg is fertilized outside the body and then implanted in the uterus
vitro fertilization (IVF)
This reflex causes an infant to turn its head toward a touch on the cheek, helping with breastfeeding
rooting reflex
This term refers to a child’s ability to adapt and thrive despite adverse experiences such as poverty, neglect, or trauma — a key concept in social work intervention.
resilience
Feeling one’s emotional and psychological identity as male or female to be different from one’s biological identity assigned at birth.
Gender Dysphoria
Life event or transition that produces a lasting shift in the life course trajectory
Turning Point
This professional offers emotional, physical, and informational support during labor and postpartum.
Doula
This attachment style, developed during infancy, is characterized by distress at separation and comfort at reunion.
Secure Attachment
According to Kohlberg, during early childhood, moral reasoning is typically based on rewards and punishments.
What is this stage of moral reasoning called?
preconventional level?
This term describes a child’s increasing ability to define themselves in relation to their abilities, achievements, and social roles, typically developing during middle childhood.
Self Concept