CDI 211
It is the confrontational battle of wits between the investigator and the suspect. It is mental combat where the weapon is intelligence and the use of the art. Victory depends upon the proper and effective use of the art.
Interrogation
These are confessions made by the accused in open Court. The plea of guilt maybe during arraignment or any stage of the proceedings where the accused changes his plea of not guilty to guilty. It is conclusive upon the court and may be considered to be a mitigating circumstance to criminal liability.
Judicial Confession
These are confessions obtained through force, threat, intimidation, duress, or anything influencing the voluntary act of the confessor.
Involuntary Extra Judicial Confession
An interrogation technique where the Investigator bluffs the suspect that even if he will not confess, there is enough evidence to send him to jail. If he will confess, the investigator will see to it that his prison term will be within the range of probation.
The Pretense Of Solid Evidence Against The Accused
It is an acknowledgment of a fact or circumstance without accepting guilt.
Admission
An interrogation technique where the suspect could be tricked that the investigator had gone to the residence and the family members had supplied facts against the suspect. The suspect's family will be dragged into the investigation if the suspect will not confess.
Feigning Contact with Family Members
An interrogation technique where the suspect is placed among other persons in a line-up and he is identified by several complainants and witnesses who will associate the suspect in other several crimes. This will cause the suspect to become desperate and confess only to the case under investigation, to avoid being charged with false accusations.
Reverse Line Up
An interrogation technique where the weakest link may be used to fake pain and agony by ordering him to shout, accompanied by banging a chair on the wall to make it appear that a commotion is going on. The other suspects in separate rooms must hear the drama before telling them that their partner had confessed.
Drama
This is the questioning technique where the investigator selects the right moment to shout to the subject with a pertinent question in an apparent righteous outrage. With this, the suspects' nerves may break into a confession.
Jolting
An interrogation technique where the suspect is questioned about his activity prior, during, and after the commission of the crime. This is repeated many times, including the investigator focusing his questions on the knowledge of the suspect of the crime. The suspect will be enmeshed in contradictions, which is now capitalized by the investigator to get the truth from the suspect. If possible, the interrogation must be taped recorded for purposes of emphasis during the confrontation of the contradictions.
Opportunity to lie
Those made by the suspect during the custodial investigation. Simply explained is that those confessions are made outside of the Court.
Extra judicial confession
This is a technique where the investigator, combining his skills of an actor and a psychologist, addresses the suspect with an emotional stimuli to confess.
Emotional Appeal
When an accused confessed to the commission of a crime, he accepts the facts constituting the offense but if he interposes self-defense or other exculpatory grounds, then his acknowledgment is considered as what?
Admission
An interrogation technique where the investigator, in his preliminary or probing questions, must dig deep into the past troubles, plight, and unfortunate events in the life of the suspect. An offer of help, kindness, friendliness, may win his cooperation.
Sympathetic Approach
When the accused speaks of his free will and accord, without the inducement of any kind, with complete knowledge of the nature and the consequence of the confession. And when the speaking is so free form influences affecting the will of the accused, at the time the confession was made that it renders it admissible in evidence against him.
Voluntary Extra Judicial Confession
An interrogation technique where there are two sets of investigator. The first investigator must appear to be rough, mean, and dangerous. When he had finished the interrogation, the second investigator intervenes by stopping the first investigator. By being sympathetic and understanding, he begins his interrogation. If the suspect still refuses to cooperate, then the process is repeated until there is a confession.
The Mutt and Jeff or Sweet and Sour Method
The investigator thru his knowledge of human behavior must discover the spot . That spots may be the youngest child, the wife, the mother, and the brother who acted as his father, the grandparents, or the best friend. Once discovered, there must be a face-to-face meeting with that special person and that heart of steel will melt to pieces. This technique in not only used during interrogation but also in crisis management in hostage situations.
Searching for the soft spot
An interrogation technique where the investigator chooses who among the suspects who will most likely to confess, there must be a careful selection of who among them. The interrogation will begin. By tricks and bluffs, this chosen one will be told that his companions had already confessed. That he/she had dealt the fatal blow or that he received the lion share of the loot to intrigue him.
The weakest link
An interrogation technique where the investigator uses reasons, which are acceptable to the subject that led to the commission of the crime. Thus, it may be said that sometimes, killing is a necessity rather than by purpose or design. Robbery may be a necessity to feed a starving family. The application of this technique depends upon the nature of the crime.
Rationalization
An interrogation technique where the complainant, witness, or victim is requested to point positively the suspect who is among persons in the police line-up. The witness victim or complainant are previously coached about the identity of the suspect.
The Line up
It is the declaration of the accused acknowledging his guilt arising from the commission of a crime.
Confession
An interrogation technique where a friendly approach coupled with a posture of sincerity may induce the suspect to confess.
Friendliness
Confessions obtained from the defendant employing force or intimidation/violence is null and void, and cannot be used against him/her in the trial. TRUE OR FALSE?
TRUE
A plea of guilty when formally entered on arraignment is sufficient to sustain a conviction of any offense, even a capital one, without further proof. TRUE OR FALSE?
TRUE
What is the golden rule of interrogation?
GOLDEN RULE OF INTERROGATION
“ Make him admit something no matter how small trivial, usually first admission leads to another”