Presidential
Who became president immediately after Abraham Lincoln's assassination?
Andrew Johnson
Who was elected president in 1868 during this phase of Reconstruction?
Ulysses S. Grant
Who was elected president in 1876?
Rutherford B. Hayes
What was the 13th Amendment?
Constitutional amendment which abolished slavery.
How many states were put under military rule for not joining the Union?
10
Name 3 services provided by the Freedman's Bureau.
education, food & medical, help finding work
What are carpetbaggers and scalawags?
Northerners who moved to the South to help rebuild the region and make a profit; Southerners who cooperated with federal Reconstruction efforts.
Name one effect of post-Reconstruction
Northern troops left the South
Southern states began to take away rights of the Freedmen
Conditions for freedmen did not get much better than they were prior to Civil War
What was the 14th Amendment?
Constitutional amendment which provided equal protection under the law for all citizens.
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
Terrorist organization that used violence to scare blacks into keeping quiet, staying away from the polls, and submitting to white power.
Whose administration was considered corrupt?
Grant
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
Law that declared freedmen to be full citizens with the same rights as whites; vetoed by Johnson; Congress overrode veto.
What was the Amnesty Act of 1872?
Law that forgave the South for its past offenses; allowed former Confederates to vote again.
What was the 15th Amendment?
Constitutional amendment which gave African-American men the right to vote.
Which U.S. President was impeached during Congressional Reconstruction?
Andrew Johnson
What was Black Codes?
Laws that discriminated against freedman. It did not allow freedmen to get skilled work, own land or vote
What was the Grandfather Clause?
Allowed men too vote IF there grandfather had been able to vote; discriminated against the freedmen.
What were some problems with Grant's administration?
little political training
troubled by scandals
hit by depression in his second term
Who did the Black Codes benefit?
White Southerners
Who was Ulysses S. Grant? (3 parts)
1) 18th president 2) Civil war hero 3) favored civil rights for African-Americans, corrupt administration
What percentage of each state needed to swear an oath to agree with Lincoln's Reconstruction plan to enter back in to the Union?
10%
Explain sharecropping.
Planters gave the landowner a share of the crop; system of poverty and debt was born.
Explain the poll tax, literacy test, and grandfather clause, and why they were significant.
Poll Tax: laws requiring voters to pay before voting. Literacy Test: test requiring voters to be literate. Grandfather Clause: poll tax and literacy test does not apply to those whose father/grandfather could vote before January 1867. Loopholes used to disenfranchise African-Americans.
Name 2 rights denied to African-Americans under the Black Codes.
marriage, ownership of property, work for skilled jobs
What was the Reconstruction Act of 1867
the ten states that had not rejoined the Union were put under military rule.
Constitutional Conventions had to be held for each state
delegates had to be elected by all men
states had to accept the 14th amendment
Congress had to approve the state constitutions