Key People
Republican president whose 10% plan hoped to heal the nation quickly after the Civil War
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War
What are Carpetbaggers?
Ended "involuntary servitude" except as a punishment for crime
What is the 13th Amendment?
Secret society that terrorized Blacks and other Republicans in the South through intimidation and violence
What is the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?
Event that marked the official end of Reconstruction
What is the Compromise of 1877?
The first African American senator in US history
Who is Hiram Revels?
Native white Southerners who cooperated with Republicans during Reconstruction
What are Scalawags?
Granted African American men the right to vote
What is the 15th Amendment?
Organization created to help newly freed slaves during Reconstruction (education, food, shelter, medicine, jobs, voting, etc.)
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
1896 Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation, establishing "separate but equal" doctrine
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
Former slave; became first Black man to serve a full-term in US Senate
Who is Blanche K. Bruce?
Land owners giving farm workers land, seed and tools in return for a share of the crops grown
What is sharecropping?
Provided equal protection of the laws, due process and citizenship rights
What is the 14th Amendment?
Three (3) goals of Reconstruction
What are: reuniting Northern and Southern whites; reconstituting Southern state governments and resuming Southern representation in the federal gov't; integrating freedmen into post-war society; rebuilding Southern economy?
Republican president who promised to remove federal troops from the South, thus ending Reconstruction
Who is Rutherford B. Hayes?
Union general who promised "40 acres and a mule" for freedmen
Who is William T. Sherman?
The enforced separation of Blacks and whites, especially in public places
What is segregation?
Laws passed immediately after Civil War; Blacks can't vote, serve on juries, marry whites, be without a job, own guns, buy alcohol, etc.
What are Black Codes?
Elected in 1868 with nearly 500,000 Black votes; ordered federal troops to help stamp out the KKK in the South; led an administration whose corruption hurt Reconstruction
Who is Ulysses S. Grant?
Two ways Southern states found ways around the 15th Amendment
What are poll taxes and literacy tests?
The first African American governor in US history
Who is Pinckney B.S. Pinchback?
Movement to modernize the industry and attitudes of the South after the Civil War in order to attract Northern capital/investment.
What is the "New South" movement?
Laws that segregated Blacks and whites; bathrooms, drinking fountains, trains cars, buses, restaurants, libraries, schools, theatres, hospitals, etc.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
Two (2) reasons President Andrew Johnson was impeached during Reconstruction
What are: his firing of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton (which violated the Tenure of Office Act) AND his obstruction and vetoes of Radical Republican Reconstruction efforts?
Famous author and humorist who portrayed Southern life and landscapes in adventure novels about Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
Who is Mark Twain?