"Pre"construction
Lincoln's proposed plan for Reconstruction. This lenient plan required southern states to emancipate slaves and for a small portion of voters to swear loyalty to the United States.
What is the 10% Plan?
This person was president during Presidential Reconstruction. Although he was Lincoln's VP, he did not support extending civil rights to freedmen and considered Reconstruction over by the end of 1865.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
The name for Republicans in Congress that supported extending civil rights to African Americans.
Who are the Radical Republicans?
This 1896 decision declared "separate but equal" does not violate the 14th Amendment.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This former Union general was president from 1869-1877.
Who is Ulysses S. Grant?
This person assassinated Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater on April 14, 1865.
Who is John Wilkes Booth?
Ratified in 1865, this ended "slavery and involuntary servitude" in the United States.
What is the 13th Amendment?
This law stated that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" are citizens and entitled to due process and equal protection of the laws.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Named after a minstrel character, these laws instituted a system based on racist ideology and segregation throughout the South.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
This law states "the right of citizens... to vote shall not be denied or abridged... on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
What is the 15th Amendment?
This proposed plan was the Radical Republican response to Lincoln's plan. 50% of voters must take an "ironclad oath" and voting rights would be removed for those that supported the Confederacy. It was never enacted.
What is the Wade-Davis Bill?
This government program existed from 1865-1872 and was designed to help former slaves access food, clothing, education, medical care, and legal assistance.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
To ensure the South cooperated with the Congressional plan for Reconstruction (as established in the Reconstruction Acts of 1867), the South was divided into five _____________.
What are military zones?
What are poll taxes and literacy tests?
This exempted individuals whose ancestors voted before January 1, 1867 from poll taxes and literacy tests.
What is the grandfather clause?
Three people were targeted for assassination on the night of April 14, 1865. Name one person (aside from Lincoln) that was targeted.
Who were VP Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward?
These revised slave laws were designed to re-establish the antebellum social order during the Presidential Reconstruction era. They enforced segregation, limited mobility of freedmen, and created a subservient workforce.
What are Black Codes?
Originally designed as a way to ensure workers for plantations, this system quickly became exploitative and a form of debt peonage.
What is sharecropping?
This decision ends Reconstruction. In order for Rutherford B. Hayes to become president, he had to remove federal troops from the South, place a southerner in his cabinet, and support railroad development in the South.
What was the Compromise of 1877?
The name for white southerners during Congressional Reconstruction that were allowed to vote because they were loyal to the Union.
Who are the scalawags?
While the Wade-Davis Bill passed both houses of Congress, Lincoln did not want it to become a law. He did this to prevent its ratification.
What is a pocket veto?
Andrew Johnson was one vote away from being removed from office because he violated this act when he fired Sec. of War Edwin Stanton without Congressional approval.
What is the Tenure of Office Act?
The name for northerners who traveled to the South to vote in elections. They were reviled by many southerners, who saw them as fortune-seekers.
Who were the Carpetbaggers?
The name for the white southern governments that reclaimed power following the Amnesty Act (1872) and the end of Reconstruction.
What are Redeemer Governments?
What are the Enforcement Acts?