Reconstruction 1
What were chain gangs?
Groups of Black men who had been arrested for vagrancy and were chained together and forced to labor
What did the 13th Amendment do?
Abolished slavery except as punishment for a crime
What was the name of the law that banned immigration of Chinese laborers?
Chinese Exclusion Act
One company becoming so powerful that it controls an entire industry is called a...
monopoly
Name 3 places the U.S. conquered, intervened in, or bought in the late 1800s and early 1900s due to progressive ideas about "spreading civilization"
Conquered: American Samoa, Hawaii
Intervened in: DR, Haiti, Cuba, Nicaragua
Bought: Puerto Rico, Guam, Alaska, Virgin Islands
Name 2 main points of Lincoln's Reconstruction plan
Letting states back into the Union when 10% of their population pledged allegiance to the government; pardoning Confederate officials (except high-ranking government and military officers)
What did the 14th Amendment do?
Guaranteed citizenship to anyone born in the United States
Name the 3 immigrant groups who mostly stayed in the New York area instead of migrating to other parts of the U.S.
Jews, Italians, and Irish
Name the industries these men had monopolies in: John D. Rockefeller, J.P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie
oil, steel, steel
What did the 18th Amendment do and why did many progressives want to pass such a law?
It banned the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol. Many progressives saw alcohol as the root cause of domestic abuse, corruption, and crime.
Explain how Johnson's Reconstruction plan differed from Lincoln's
Johnson wanted to do all the things that Lincoln did but he also didn't want to extend pardons to wealthy landowners with land worth more than $20,000
Guaranteed (in theory) voting rights for Black men
Name 3 reasons someone could get denied entry at Ellis Island.
Name the two industries that commonly employed children.
Textile mills and coal mines
Which state was the first to give women the right to vote and why did other states in that region do the same?
Wyoming was the first to give women the vote in 1890. Other western states followed because most of their settlers were men, so they wanted to attract more women by giving them rights.
What did the Radical Republicans want for Reconstruction?
States could return when 50% of their population pledged allegiance to the government and states had to guarantee civil rights for Freedmen
Name an example of a Black Code.
banning interracial marriage, forcing Freedmen to work on the same plantations they were freed from, banning Black people from hunting or fishing
Who was the first president to be impeached (but not convicted) because Congress saw him as corrupt and working against civil rights for Black people?
Andrew Johnson
Explain the Sherman Antitrust Act and which president actually began enforcing it.
It tried to break up monopolies but it wasn't truly enforced until the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt
Name 2 reasons why Russia wanted to sell Alaska and 2 reasons why America wanted to buy Alaska.
Russia: difficult to defend, conflicts with Alaska Natives, in need of cash after losing the Crimean War
America: full of natural resources, might lead to annexation of parts of Canada
Name one goal of the Freedmen's Bureau and one limitation of it
It aimed to provide housing, food, clothing, medicine, and jobs to Freedmen. It had too few workers and no military support to implement its goals.
Explain why the Compromise of 1877 happened and what the result was.
There was so much electoral fraud in the election that no one agreed on who the winner was, so the Democrats in the South agreed to let Republican Rutherford B. Hayes be president if all Reconstruction policies would end
Name one law of Congress that President Johnson vetoed which Congress then passed over his veto.
Giving Black people citizenship, admitting Nebraska as a state, giving voting rights to residents of DC
A company that controls that stocks (and thus the profit) of numerous smaller companies while still letting them operate independently is called a...
holding company
Explain why Lili'uokalani was overthrown by the Americans.