Reconstruction
This era tried to rebuild the South and reunite the U.S. after the Civil War.
What is Reconstruction?
This term described wealthy industrialists who used ruthless business tactics.
Who were the “robber barons”?
A system where workers are paid for their time, not for owning what they produce.
What is wage labor?
This 1887 law divided Native land into individual plots to force assimilation.
What was the Dawes Act?
This party of farmers wanted government control of railroads and money supply.
What was the People’s Party (Populists)?
This agency provided food, education, and jobs for freed slaves and poor whites.
What is the Freedmen’s Bureau?
The process of controlling every step of production, from raw materials to sales.
What is vertical integration?
This 1877 event was the first major national labor uprising in U.S. history.
What was the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
This 1890 massacre ended the Indian Wars, killing over 150 Sioux.
What was the Wounded Knee Massacre?
These Southern laws enforced racial segregation after Reconstruction.
What were Jim Crow laws?
These discriminatory laws were passed in the South to limit African Americans’ rights.
What are the Black Codes?
The combination of many firms in the same business to control competition.
What is horizontal expansion?
This labor union welcomed skilled and unskilled workers and aimed for broad reform.
What was the Knights of Labor?
These institutions forced Native children to abandon their culture and language.
What were Indian Residential Schools?
This 1896 Supreme Court case upheld segregation under “separate but equal.”
What was Plessy v. Ferguson?
This 1868 amendment granted citizenship to all born in the U.S. and guaranteed equal protection.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This theory claimed only the strongest businesses (and people) survive.
What is Social Darwinism?
This 1886 Chicago event turned violent, hurting the image of labor unions.
What was the Haymarket Affair?
This early Native organization (1911) fought for citizenship and rights.
What was the Society of American Indians?
This voting rule let white men vote if their ancestors had voted before the Civil War.
What was the grandfather clause?
This 1870 amendment gave African American men the right to vote.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This concept said workers and employers should be free to make contracts without government interference.
What is liberty of contract?
This radical labor group, also called the “Wobblies,” fought for all workers.
“Wobblies,” fought for all workers.What were the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)?
The idea of turning Native Americans into farmers and “civilized” citizens.
What was assimilation?
The act of killing someone, often by hanging, without trial—used to terrorize Black communities.
What is lynching?