Definitions
Define SCHEMA
A representation of a syllogism that has its statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms
Identify the MAJOR PREMISE:
No street legal vehicles are stock cars. Thus no racing car is street legal, since all stock cars are racing cars
street legal car
These statements can look similar to singular statements but the context requires them to be translated differently
Indefinite statements
A syllogism consisting of three statements in categorical form
Categorical Syllogism
Police help dog bite victim
Amphiboly
Define ENTHYMEME
The positive or negative nature of its claim about the subject
Quality
Identify the FIGURE
All cats are animals
No animals are robots
Therefore, no robots are cats
Obverse, Converse, Obverse
Contrapositive
Some M are not P
All S are M
No S are P
Fallacy of an undistributed middle
Define SQUARE OF OPPOSITION
A diagram of the basic relationships between categorical statements with the same subject and predicate
Two statements are in this if and only if they always have the opposite truth value
Contradiction
Also known as bifurcation
Either/Or
An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
Mixed Hypothetical Syllogims
If P then Q
Q
Therefore P
Affirming the Consequent
Define COMPLEX QUESTION
When a question is framed in such a way as to exclude a legitimate response
Provide the SUBJECT for the statement
"Nobody shuts the door"
Person
When two statements can both be true at the same time
The statements are said to be CONSISTENT
Words that set boundaries, referring only to a limited class of things
Exclusive
AII-3
VALID
Define LOGIC
The Science and Art of reasoning well
"Many chickens lay eggs"
Some chickens are egg-layers
Provide the obverse
"Some Africans are Egyptians"
Some Africans are non-Egyptians
When one assumes what is true about the whole is true of each part
Division
Look at Mr. Jones' goofy suit! All teachers in the world must dress funny.
Apriorism