Overview
What is the only way to change to the wording of the Constitution in Australia?
Referendum
When was the first national referendum held in Australia?
1911
Who can initiate a referendum in Australia?
The party with the majority of seats / votes in HOR can pass the law initiating a referendum.
Why is the difficulty of achieving a constitutional change a safeguard to our democracy?
Because an effective democracy shouldn't be easily changed. The Constitution should be protected against arbitrary powers of the government
What is the current proposal for a referendum?
Voice to Parliament
Is it compulsory to vote in a referendum?
Yes. If you are over 18 you must vote if you are enrolled.
How many referendums have been held in Australia to date?
44
What are the campaigns called during this process?
YES and NO campaigns
Why do governments seek to pass referendums?
To expand / limit power of Constitutional branches of government.
OR
To update or modernise the Constitution.
What was the most recent referendum proposal that was unsuccessful? When was this?
Republic debate in 1999
In Australia, who is responsible for conducting referendums?
The AEC.
How many referendums were successful?
8
Are territories counted in the state majority?
No. The territories' residents only count towards the national component
What are two common characteristics of a successful referendum?
Any two of
Minimal change
Less power to the govt
More power to the people
What was the most recent plebiscite vote about?
Marriage Equality 2017
To propose a referendum in Australia, a bill must be passed by ...
Both houses of the Federal Parliament. The House of Representatives and the Senate
What year was the most popular referendum in Australian history? Name the % of double majority votes received
1967
91%
What is the requirement for a successful referendum to pass?
A referendum must receive a "double majority". This means it must be supported by a majority of voters in a majority of states and territories.
What was the most impactful referendum?
1967
Has a referendum ever been held on climate change in Australia?
No. A referendum has never been held on climate change in Australia.
What is the difference between a plebiscite and a referendum?
Referendum is legally binding whereas a plebiscite is advisory only.
What were the two changes made to the Constitution following the 1967 referendum?
1. Indigenous population was counted in the census.
2. Federal Parliament could make laws on the Indigenous issue.
Which section of the Australian Constitution sets out the rules for holding referendums?
Section 128
How many questions can be put to voters in a single referendum?
No limit. There is no limit to the number of questions that can be put to voters in a single referendum.
What is the current status of constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians in Australia?
In 2023 a referendum was held relating to Voice to Parliament but the change was not supported.