England
What is the name of Henry VIII's 3rd wife AND son??
Sadly -- she would die 12 days after childbirth from infection or 'childbed fever'.
His son would take the throne at 9 yrs and died @ 16 yrs old.
Jane Seymour + Edward VI
The invention of this allowed for many more books to be produced and distributed at a cheaper price and a faster pace.
What was the invention AND how did it make people question the Catholic Church?
printing press
Now people could read themselves -- they had more options of books to read -- and allows them to question the world around them and how they can have better lives
What is the name of the German monk who posted his arguments against the Catholic Church to the church doors?
AND what vernacular would his Bible have been transcribed in? This would make it very easy for others in the same region or territory as Luther to understand the text/ writing as it is the everyday language of these people.
Martin Luther + German
Diet of Worms
The movement known as the Reformation originated in this country: ________________
Germany
What is the name of Henry VIII's 1st wife AND daughter?
She was from Spain and he used the fact that she married his older brother first as an excuse to try and divorce her -- after 20 years.
Catherine of Aragon + Mary Tudor I
For the last decade -- the Pope had been selling them special promises of salvation.
He was criticized for using this $$ to build the biggest and most extravagant Church in the world to display the immense wealth and authority of Catholicism -- what was the Church called which was built in the Vatican City?
St Peter's Basilica
What was the name of the document that Martin Luther nailed the church doors in Wittenberg, Germany? They listed all of his arguments against the Church and highlighted the corruption from within.
95 Theses
What was the Catholic Church's response to Reformation called?
Counter Reformation
What was the first full-sized book Gutenberg printed?
The Bible
What is the name of Henry VIII's 2nd wife AND daughter who would later reign for much longer than any other Tudor monarch.
Anne Boleyn + Elizabeth I
During the construction of St Peter's Basilica -- the Pope moved his headquarters to ____________, _____________.
This allowed him to stop the spread of Protestantism in the northern parts of Europe. It also put him closer to England when Henry VIII was upsetting the balance of power in Europe.
Avignon, France
What was the name of the guy and the new branch of Christianity that was established in Switzerland?
The interesting aspect was that it was a theocracy which combined church and gov't to push reforms
John Calvin + Calvinism
Who will Edward VI name as his heir to the English throne upon his untimely death?
She was Protestant but her cousin Mary I would have her beheaded after 9 days of her reign.
Jane Grey
Explain this: Divorced, Beheaded, Died, Divorce, Beheaded, and Survived.
Who do they each represent?
Henry VIII's wives
Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, Catherine Parr
What was the name of the political Act which officially declared England was no longer Catholic and there was a new branch of Christianity called Anglicanism.
What was the name of the Church he created?
Act of Supremacy
Church of England -- Anglicanism
Explain two differences from Lutheranism and other sects of religion.
salvation is found through God's forgiveness and inner strength in faith
Teachings were based off the literal translation of words from the Bible -- only two Holy Days (Baptism and Holy Communion)
No need for priests, or Pope as people were supposed to read the Bible themselves and make their own interpretations
This person started a church in Switzerland which revolved around very strict religious rules for its followers. He was a big believer in a doctrine that states all events in life are preplanned by God and he has the knowledge of who will be saved + the fate of each individual's soul after death.
Who is he and what was this doctrine called?
Predestination
John Calvin
Who did Mary I marry to try and bring Catholicism back to England?
Was this marriage happy/ successful? Did they have any heirs?
He also tried to marry her younger sister but she rejected him.
Philip II of Spain
A large part of the reason for Luther writing his 95 Theses was his HATE or strong dislike of the Catholic Church selling __________________.
He argued that you shouldn't be able to buy your way out of purgatory or wash away sins. That it was corrupt and showed the Church shouldn't be trusted to have authority over every aspect of people's lives.
Indulgences
Who was the Holy Roman Emperor AND Pope that refused to grant this divorce for Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.
Why did these two not permit the divorce for Henry?
Carlos V or Charles V and Pope Clement VII
After Luther refused to recant his 95 Theses -- he was _______________________ by the Catholic Church and declared a H_________________ by Carlos V.
Nobody was supposed to give him food or shelter but he found a hiding spot in a castle.
excommunicated + Heretic
What did the Peace of Augsburg (1555) do and who was involved?
Charles V + German princes agreed to let each prince pick the religion of their territory
What was the nickname of Elizabeth I? AND what religion did she restore to England after the tumultuous reign of her Catholic older sister?
The "_____________ ___________" as she was the last Tudor monarch. After she died the throne would go to the Stuart line (son of Mary Queen of Scots).
Virgin Queen + Protestantism
What was the name of the naval fleet that Elizabeth I defeated in 1588 after a rejected marriage proposal?
Philip II would be sent home embarrassed after Elizabeth I proved her leadership skills.
The Spanish Armada