Chapter 1
What was the important invention that allowed the spread information?
The printing press
Who founded the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
Who was Zwingli?
Zwingli was a Swiss reformer.
Who was Nicholas Copernicus?
He was a Polish astronomer.
Who invented the important invention?
Johannes Gutenberg
What is the important document Luther wrote?
Ninety-five Theses
What problems did Zwingli have with the Catholic Church?
Some practices had no basis in scripture such as, honoring the saints and going on pilgrimages.
He believed that the sun was the center of its own system within a larger universe.
What was used before the printing press was invented?
Wooden blocks and hand copying
What is a papal bull?
An important document issued by the pope.
What did Luther and Zwingli think of each other?
They agreed that beliefs and practices should be based on the bible. They disagreed on the rule of the Church in peoples lifes.
What Galileo Galilei study and invent?
He studied the pendulum and the movement of objects. He also invented the telescope.
Why was hand copying and wood block printing inefficient?
Hand copying was expensive, and it took a long time.
Wooden blocks wore down, and impressions were uneven.
What was wrong with the Catholic Church?
The Church mislead people by saying they can pay for God's forgiveness.
What beliefs did John Calvin have?
Calvin was against penance and believed in predestination.
Why did people oppose Galileo's studies?
With his telescope he confirmed Copernicus's theory that the Earth was not the center of the universe. However, that was against the Church's teachings.
What were the benefits of movable type?
What happened to Martin Luther when he refused to take back his writings?
Martin Luther was declared an outlaw and excommunicated.
What role did King Henry VIII play in the reformation?
King Henry VIII established the Church of England because the pope in the Catholic Church refused to annul his marriage.
What did the Church do to Galileo?
house arrest