People, Places, and Things
This king of England started the English Reformation and is famous for having six wives!
Who was Henry VIII?
Supported translating the bible into everyday languages people could understand (the vernacular), that religious authority comes from the scripture alone, or that people can get to heaven only through faith in the Christian god not deeds or actions.
A major reason Henry VIII decided to split from the Catholic Church was to get one of these.
What is a divorce from his wife?
At the end of the English Civil War, Charles I was defeated and ultimately this happened to him.
He was executed.
This term can be used to broadly describe the many different peoples who lived in the Americas before European colonizers arrived.
What is Indigenous?
This man nailed 95 Theses to the door of the church in Wittenberg questioning the Catholic Church. His ideas are credited with starting the Protestand Reformation and he is sometimes confused with a famous American civil rights leader.
Who was Martin Luther?
People who broke away from the Catholic Church and followed the ideas of Martin Luther started calling themselves this.
What are Lutherans?
During the English Civil War, supporters of the king were called Cavaliers or Royalists while those who opposed them were callled...
What are Roundheads or Parliamentarians?
This person is sometimes seen as a hero in England because of his victories against the Spanish navy, but he also engaged in the slave trade.
Who was Francis Drake?
This Pueblo leader successfully lead a revolt against Spanish colonizers in 1680. His leadership helped keep the Spanish away for 12 years.
Who was Po'Pay?
This Italian sailor is sometimes credited with "discovering" the Americas, even though he only ever explored Caribbean islands and people had already been living there for thousands of years.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
Before this invention, people had to make copies of books and papers by hand or through other long processes. This innovation helped the rapid spread of the Reformation and new ideas in the 1500s.
What was the printing press?
This was an attempt to assassinate king James I and members of parliament by blowing up the House of Lords. This was in response to repression against Catholics in England.
What was the Gunpowder Plot?
During this revolution, king Louis XVI was removed from power and later executed. This revolution initially promoted ideas of democracy and liberty for common people.
What was the French Revolution?
These were a major reasons that American colonists became upset with being ruled by the British. One of them was caused by the British needing to pay for the French and Indian War.
What were taxation and lack of representation?
These were sold by the Catholic Church with a guaruntee that the person buying one could enter into heaven or have their sins forgiven. Many people, like Martin Luther, objected to selling these.
What were indulgences?
As part of his Reformation, Henry VIII targeted these institutions of the Catholic Church aggressively. He seized their lands and wealth and some monks and priests were accused of treason.
What was destruction of the monestaries?
As part of his Act of Supremacy, Henry VIII was declared this, a position all subsequent monarchs in England have also held.
What is head of the Anglican church?
This was a major reason that so many Indigenous peoples died after their encounters with European colonizers.
What were diseases?
These two fights are remembered as the first battles of the American Revolutionary War. Some Americans remember the first bullets fired at British soldiers as "the shot heard 'round the world."
What were the battles of Lexington and Concord?
This Incan emperor initially met the Spanish conquistadors, and later the Spanish captured and killed him.
Who was Atahualpa?
After fleeing France, this person settled in Geneva and helped kick start the Reformation here. He is credited for chainging the culture of Geneva but also for creating a theocratic government.
Who was John Calvin?
After the death of Henry VIII, his son became king at only age nine. This person continued making changes to the Chuch of England to turn it more Protestant and less Catholic.
Who was Edward VI?
During the French Revolution, this group (one of three) that was made up of peasants and common people overthrew their monarchy. This group made up about 98% of the French population.
What was the Third Estate?
This official law passed by the king of England, forbade American colonists from crossing the Appalachian mountains to settle on Indigenous land. The goal was preventing more conflicts with the Native peoples, but it also led to resentment against the king by American colonists.
What was the Proclomation of 1763?