Reformation
English monarch separated from his head in 1649
Who is Charles I?
Event that began the Thirty Years' War when 3 Catholic aides were thrown out of a window
What is the Defenestration of Prague?
Scientist who was forced in 1633 to recant his assertion of a heliocentric model
Who is Galileo?
Phrase used to describe Luther's doctrine on achieving heaven
What is salvation "by faith alone"? (sola fide)
Co-monarchs coronated in 1689 at culmination of England's "Glorious Revolution"
Who are William and Mary?
Luther's 95 theses were most critical of this church practice
What is the sale of indulgences?
Bourbon king who converted to Catholicism, declaring "Paris is worth a mass"
Who is Henry Navarre/Henry IV?
This was the term for Oliver Cromwell's well-disciplined fighting force in the English Civil War
What is the "new model army"?
This natural phenomena caused an economic crisis in 17th century Europe that created widespread instability
What is the Little Ice Age?
Daughter of Henry VIII whose long reign saw relative tolerance toward English Catholics
Who is Elizabeth I?
Agreement that ended the Thirty Years' War
What is the Treaty of Westphalia?
Event in Paris in which thousands of Huguenots were murdered
What is the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
Series of church councils between 1545-63 that established Catholic dogma and reasserted authority of the church
What is the Council of Trent?
French king who famously said ""L'etat, c'est moi" (I am the state).
Who is Louis XIV?
Fleet of ships built by Philip II to invade England
What is the Spanish Armada?