Protestant Reformation
Why were they called "Protestants"?
They were people who fought against, or "Protested" the church and it's current practices. So Protestants were people who protested against the church.
Who broke England away from the Pope and Catholic Church?
King Henry VIII and his Reformation Parliament
Which of the following was NOT a result of the Council of Trent?
a) Reaffirmation of the seven sacraments
b) Establishment of seminaries for priest training
c) Acceptance of Protestant doctrine
d) Clarification of Catholic teachings
c) Acceptance of Protestant Doctrine
Who was Henry VIII’s first son? What was his fate?
Edward VI, and he died young.
What does "Clerical" mean?
Clerical refers to anything having to do with the church or church officials. Anything relating to the "Clergy", or members of the Church.
At what meeting or assembly was it decided that Martin Luther would be excommunicated from the Church?
The Diet of Worms
What did it mean when Henry VIII was trying to get his marriage to Catherine of Aragon Annulled?
He was trying to get it declared invalid aka get a divorce
True or False: The Council of Trent outlawed the giving out of Indulgences
False. The Council of Trent reformed and regulated how they were given out, but you could still receive an Indulgence. You just couldn’t buy one.
Which of the following, if any, were NOT prominent Protestant Reformers?
Martin Luther, Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, John Knox
They all were!
Martin Luther was the first and got the movement started, Huldrych Zwingli made the Anabaptists and didn't like infant baptism or Transubstantiation, John Calvin led the Calvinists and believed in Predestination, and John Knox led the Presbyterians, which were just Calvinists but in Scotland
Who or What does the term "heretic" refer to?
A person who holds beliefs that are contrary to the official teachings of the Church.
What was the name of the belief that, when you were born, God had already written your story and decided whether you were going to Heaven or Hell?
Predestination
Why did the people and nobles of England support the new Anglican Church and the split from the Pope and the Catholic Church?
Most of the church ceremonies and rituals didn’t change, so the common people liked it. Catholic churches and buildings were closed, and the land they were on were given to nobles, so they liked it.
Who founded the Jesuit Order?
Ignatius of Loyola
What made Martin Luther become a monk?
He was in a thunderstorm that was so bad, he thought he would die. So, he prayed and swore that, if he survived, he’d become a monk.
What happens to someone when they are Excommunicated from the Church? (3 Things)
1. They are removed from the faith
2. They can no longer receive Church services
3. No one from the church is to talk to them ever again
What was the name of the document Martin Luther nailed to a church door, describing what he saw wrong with the church?
The 95 Theses
Which queen attempted to reverse the English Reformation, restore Catholicism and burnt protestants at the stake?
Queen Mary I aka Bloody Mary
Which order was founded during the Catholic Counter-Reformation to promote education and missionary work?
The Jesuits.
Why did Huldrych Zwingli and the Anabaptists believe that infants shouldn’t be baptized?
Anabaptists didn’t think that babies and little kids could freely confess their faith, since they didn’t know the scripture and were too young to have sinned to need a baptism
What is Transubstantiation?
When church officials turn bread and wine in the the body and blood of Christ
Provide 1 of the 5 causes of the Protestant Reformation
Simony - Buying and selling Church Offices
Pluralism - Holding more than 1 Church Office
Indulgences - Selling free tickets to heaven
Clerical Concubinage - Priests and Popes having mistresses
The Great Schism - A time where there was 2 Popes
What was the Act of Supremacy?
The law passed in 1534 declaring the King as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.
How did the Council of Trent respond to Protestant criticisms?
Catholic Doctrines were reaffirmed, or repeated. Reforms were implemented, like no more Simony and clarifying stances on different religious matters.
Who was Henry VIII’s last living child that got England back on track?
Queen Elizabeth I.
Define and explain the importance of:
Indulgences
They were free tickets to heaven
They were important because originally, they were given out for fighting in the Crusades. However, church officials began selling them, and this was a problem because now, people weren't taking the church seriously and were sinning without consequence.