Atomic Concepts
Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, why the radius of a chloride ion is larger than the radius of a chlorine atom.
What is the ion has gained an electron
Identify a Group 14 element is classified as a metal
What is lead, Pb or tin, Sn.
Identify a laboratory procedure that can be used to recover the solute from the aqueous solution.
What is evaporation, boiling, or distillation
Explain, in terms of valence electrons, why the bonding in magnesium oxide, MgO, is similar to the bonding in sodium chloride, NaCl
What is the valence electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal.
Transfer of electrons
Heat is added to a 200.-gram sample of H2O(s) to melt the sample at 0°C. Then the resulting H2O(ℓ) is heated to a final temperature of 65°C. Determine the total amount of heat required to completely melt the sample.
What is q=mHf, so 66,800J
An atom in an excited state has an electron configuration of 2-7-2. Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, why this excited atom is electrically neutral.
What is the electrons equal the number of protons
Which characteristics tend to decrease when the elements in Period 3 on the Periodic Table are considered in order from left to right?
What is metallic character and atomic radius
The Solvay process is a multistep industrial process used to produce washing soda, Na2CO3(s). This reaction is represented by the balanced equation below.
2NaHCO3(s) + heat → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)
Write the IUPAC name for washing soda.
What is sodium carbonate
What is the total number of electron pairs shared between the carbon atom and one of the oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule?
What is 2
Heat is added to a 200.-gram sample of H2O(s) to melt the sample at 0°C. Then the resulting H2O(ℓ) is heated to a final temperature of 65°C. Show a numerical setup for calculating the total amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the H2O(ℓ) from 0°C to its final temperature.
What is q=mCT; (200.)(4.18)(65)
An atom in an excited state has an electron configuration of 2-7-4. Write the electron configuration of this atom in the ground state.
What is 2-8-3
Glycine, NH2CH2COOH, is an organic compound found in proteins. Calculate the gram-formula mass of glycine. Your response must include both a numerical setup and the calculated result.
What is 75 g/mol
2NaHCO3(s) + heat → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)
Determine the total mass of washing soda produced if 3360. kilograms of NaHCO3 reacts completely to produce 360. kilograms of H2O and 880. kilograms of CO2.
What is 2120 kg
Compare the amount of heat required to vaporize a 200.-gram sample of H2O(ℓ) at its boiling point to the amount of heat required to melt a 200.-gram sample of H2O(s) at its melting point.
The heat of vaporization is higher, so it takes more heat to vaporize than it does to melt.
The gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that each atom in the foil was composed mostly of empty space because most alpha particles directed at the foil
What is went directly through the foil
Copper is used in home wiring and electric motors because it has good electrical conductivity. Other uses of copper not related to its electrical conductivity include coins, plumbing, roofing, and cooking pans. Aluminum is also used for cooking pans. At room temperature, the electrical conductivity of a copper wire is 1.6 times greater than an aluminum wire with the same length and cross-sectional area.
Identify one physical property of copper that makes it a good choice for uses that are not related to electrical conductivity.
What is conducts heat, malleable, ductice
2NaHCO3(s) + heat → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g) Identify the type of chemical reaction represented by the equation.
What is decomposition
Which formula represents a polar molecule?
(1) H2 (2) CO2 (3) H2O (4) CCl4
What is ; (3); water
In a laboratory, a student makes a solution by completely dissolving 80.0 grams of KNO3(s) in 100.0 grams of hot water. The resulting solution has a temperature of 60.°C. Classify, in terms of saturation, the type of solution made by the student.
What is unsaturated
The light emitted from a flame is produced when electrons in an excited state..
What is fall back to the ground state and release energy; return to a ground state from an excited state; move from a higher PEL to a lower PEL
Two sources of copper are cuprite, which has the IUPAC name copper(I)oxide, Cu2O and malachite, which has the formula Cu2CO3(OH)2. Copper has another form with oxygen with the formula, CuO.
Determine the oxidation state of copper is the copper compound with the formula, CuO.
What is +2
2NaHCO3(s) + heat → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)
State evidence that indicates the above reaction is endothermic.
What is heat is absorbed with the reactants. Heat is on the side of the equation with the reactants.
Two categories of compounds are
What is ionic and covalent or molecular
Compare the boiling point of the solution at standard pressure to the boiling point of water at standard pressure.
What is boiling point of a solution is always higher than that of water (and the freezing point is always lower)