Enlightenment
This Enlightenment thinker argued that people have natural rights like life, liberty, and property.
John Locke
During industrialization, this group of people often worked long hours in unsafe conditions for low wages.
Women and children
In the late 1800s, European countries expanded their power into places like Africa and Asia through...
Imperialism
This major war took place from 1914 to 1918 and became one of the deadliest conflicts in history.
World War 1
This city is home to the headquarters of the United Nations.
New York City
According to Enlightenment ideas, governments get their power from...
The consent of the governed (The people).
Rapid city growth during industrialization led to this problem, where too many people lived in small, crowded spaces.
Overcrowding
This belief was used to justify imperialism, claiming that some societies were more “advanced” and should dominate others.
Social Darwinism
This 1919 treaty officially ended World War I and punished Germany with reparations and lost territory.
Treaty of Versailles
This war between Russia and this country is still impacting Europe and global energy prices.
Ukraine
This revolution used Enlightenment ideas to justify independence from Britain.
The American Revolution
This enduring issue is shown when industrialization benefits wealthy factory owners while workers face poor conditions and low wages.
Inequality
European powers created these when dividing up land, often splitting ethnic groups or forcing rivals together.
This country was blamed for World War I and forced to pay heavy reparations.
Germany
This country and the United States have been involved in recent trade disputes involving tariffs on electric vehicles and technology.
China
This document from the French Revolution showed Enlightenment influence by promoting equality and individual rights.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
This thinker criticized capitalism during industrialization, arguing that workers were being exploited by factory owners.
Karl Marx
Imperialism often meant that local people lost control of their land and...
Their resources and/or government
This international organization was created after World War I to maintain peace but failed because it lacked enforcement power.
League of Nations
This international organization includes most of the world’s countries and recently held major talks on climate change and global conflicts at its annual summit. They also declared Israel is committing genocide of Palestinians.
United Nations
Even though Enlightenment ideas inspired revolutions, this enduring issue shows that equality has not been fully achieved.
Inequality
During industrialization, women and children often worked long hours in these places.
Factories
European countries competed with each other for this during imperialism, believing more land made them stronger.
Power
New countries were created after World War I, but conflicts continued because these did not reflect ethnic and cultural groups.
Borders
This region has been the focus of ongoing international ceasefire negotiations involving multiple countries and humanitarian aid efforts.
Gaza/Palestine