Vocab: "A-B"
Vocab: "C"
Vocab: "E-G"
Vocab: "I-N"
Vocab: "P-S"
Vocab: "T-Z"
Peeps: pre-WWI
Peeps: 1917+
100
The violently racist system of the white Afrikaner government of South Africa
What is APARTHEID?
100
The purposeful violation of laws in order to show their injustice (Gandhi, Kwame Nkrumah, MLK Jr.)
What is CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE?
100
The loss of forest land, usually for commercial purposes (leads to desertification)
What is DEFORESTATION?
100
Strong feelings of support or love for one's country (or strong desire to have one's own country)
What is NATIONALISM?
100
Native of the Indian subcontinent employed by the British East India Company or by the British government (following the RAJ)
Who is a SEPOY?
(Sepoy Mutiny or Rebellion of 1857 led to the RAJ)
100
Organization set up to keep peace following WWII (replaced the failed League of Nations)
What is THE UNITED NATIONS?
100
French general and self-crowned emperor whose ambitions to control Europe began a series of wars that pitted the French versus a coalition of European powers
Who is NAPOLEON BONAPARTE?
100
Leader of the Indian National Congress who used nonviolent civil disobedience to help win independence for India (and Pakistan) from Great Britain
Who is MOHANDAS GANDHI? (The "Mahatma")
200
1884 meeting in which Europeans decided how they were going to divide up Africa in the Age of Imperialism
What is THE BERLIN CONFERENCE?
200
Economic / Political system in which there is no private property but land and labor are controlled by the gov't
What is COMMUNISM?
[Marx / Engels: "The Communist Manifesto" ]
200
Acts committed to eliminate an entire group of people (Armenians, Holocaust, Rwanda, Cambodia)
What is GENOCIDE?
200
A more powerful country taking over a weaker place
What is IMPERIALISM?
200
Area of a country controlled by foreign powers (like China after it lost the Opium Wars to Britain)
What are SPHERES OF INFLUENCE?
200
The mass movement of people into cities from the countryside (or from "rural" areas)
What is URBANIZATION?
(from rural to urban)
200
"Iron Chancellor" of Germany who used war to unite the many German states into one nation led by his Prussian king (Kaiser Wilhem I)
Who is OTTO VON BISMARCK?
200
Leader of the ANC (African National Congress) who became a world-wide symbol of resistance to Apartheid during his 28 year imprisonment. He was later elected president of South Africa in the first multi-national elections held in 1994
Who is NELSON MANDELA?
300
Giving in to an aggressor in the hopes of keeping peace (Munich Agreement/ Chamberlain, Hitler)
What is APPEASEMENT?
300
US policy during the Cold War to stop the spread of communism by any means necessary (starting with the Truman Doctrine)
What is CONTAINMENT?
300
The process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected through trade, communications (internet)
What is GLOBALIZATION?
300
Period of time when the production of goods was mechanized leading to huge social & economic changes (Great Britain, mid 1700s)
What is THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?
300
Period of time, starting in the late 1800s, in which European powers competed for control of African lands and resources
What is THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA?
(Age of Imperialism / Empire Building)
300
Revengeful treaty that ended WWI and led to German anger and the rise of Hitler
What is THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES?
(Signed in 1918 / US rejected it)
300
English philosopher whose ideas of popular sovereignty (power comes from the people), and natural rights helped inspire the American, French, and Latin American revolutions
Who is JOHN LOCKE?
{Enlightenment with Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau}
300
He led the Turkish forces after the fall of The Ottoman Empire and created (and led) a modern, westernized, and secularized Turkey between WWI and WWII
Who is MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK?
400
Hostility or hatred toward Jewish people
What is ANTISEMITISM?
400
The spreading of ways of living from one people to another through trade or other contact
What is CULTURAL DIFFUSION?
400
Intellectual movement of the 1700s that stressed the use of reason, the questioning of authority and natural rights
What is THE ENLIGHTENMENT?
400
(Starting in late 1800s): Period of rapid modernization, westernization, and industrialization in Japan in reaction to European imperialism
What is THE MEIJI RESTORATION?
400
Information, often of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or ideology (set of beliefs)
What is PROPAGANDA?
400
The movement for the establishment of a Jewish homeland from the early 1900s to the creation of Israel in 1948
What is ZIONISM?
{Balfour Declaration / Holocaust
Palestinian Mandate for Britain / Israel-Arab wars}
400
The "Great Liberator" of South America who helped obtain freedom from Spain for several Latin American nations
Who is SIMON BOLIVAR?
{Also: Toussant L'Ouverture, Jose de San Martin, Bernardo O'Higgins}
400
Leader of the Chinese Communist Revolution that gained control of mainland China in 1949 but later began the disastrous Great Leap Forward Five-Year Plan, and The Cultural Revolution
Who is MAO ZEDONG?
(Little Red Book, Red Guard ... replaced by Deng Xiaoping who re-introduced capitalist principles to the Chinese economy)
500
An uprising of Chinese martial artists trying to rid China of foreign influence (in spheres of influence) (1900)
What is THE BOXER REBELLION?
500
Economic system in which individuals privately own businesses and operate them for a profit
(Adam Smith: "Wealth of Nations")
What is CAPITALISM?
500
Political philosophy characterized by a strong central gov't (dictator), and the glorification of the nation through war
What is FASCISM?
(Mussolini / Hitler)
500
Collective security alliance of the USA and its allies (started in 1948 in response to Soviet communist aggression) - - a "collective security" pact
What is NATO (NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION)?
500
Gandhi-led walk to the Indian Ocean in open defiance of a British monopoly / tax on salt
What is THE SALT MARCH? (1930)
500
Japanese government that united feudal Japan then isolated it until the USA forced the Japanese to sign the 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa (leading to the Meiji Restoration)
What is the TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE?
(The Tokugawa controlled the Shogun who controlled the emperor ... 1603-1868)
500
Led the "Reign of Terror" against "enemies of the Revolution" in the most extreme phase of The French Revolution with the widespread use of the guillotine
Who is MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE? (Jacobin)
500
He led the "Bolsheviks" to create the first communist government in history after Czar Nicholas II was overthrown during WWI
Who is VLADIMIR LENIN?
600
The rich and upper middle class capitalists who exploit the working classes (proletariat) according to Marxist theory
What is the BOURGEOISIE?
600
Meeting of European powers (1815) to keep revolutionary forces (esp. France) in check and restore "legitimate" monarchs to thrones
What is THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA?
600
Policy of more openness and freedom for the people of the Soviet Union (USSR) in the late 1980s ... led to the end of the USSR
What is GLASNOST?
{Mikhail Gorbachev}
600
Area in the Indian subcontinent claimed by both India and Pakistan during the PARTITION, leading to wars between them
What is KASHMIR?
600
The poor and working classes exploited by the rich "bourgeoisie" capitalists, according to Marxist theory
Who are the PROLETARIAT?
["Workers of the world unite; you have nothing to lose but your chains" - Communist Manifesto}
600
Treaty signed following the first Opium War that gave the British extraterritorial rights in a sphere of influence in China + control of Hong Kong
What is THE TREATY OF NANJING?
{"Unequal Treaty" ... 1842}
600
English writer and philosopher who was best known for her advocacy of women's rights in the late 1700s (an early feminist and suffragette)
Who is MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT?
{"A Vindication of the Rights of Women" (1792)}
600
He led the Khmer Rouge of Cambodia and was largely responsible for a genocide of intellectuals and minority ethnic groups in the late 1970s
Who was POL POT?
