relative clauses
We talked about the party. Sarah wants to organize it for my birthday.
We talked about the party that/which Sarah wants to organize for my birthday.
Ingrid went to see the doctor yesterday. He is a friend of hers.
Yesterday Ingrid went to see the doctor, who is a friend of hers.
The International Space Station is huge. It was launched in 1998.
The International Space Station, launched in 1998, is huge.
He bought a new car. It was made in Japan.
He bought a new car made in Japan.
Mrs Flowers has paintings in her house. They are worth over $10,000.
Mrs Flowers has paintings in her house that are worth over $10,000.
Mrs Flowers has paintings which are worth over 10,000 in her house.
Mr Reynolds had to do all the work himself. His secretary left a few days ago.
Mr Reynolds, whose secretary left a few days ago, had to do all the work himself.
We can see the train. It’s arriving at platform 3.
We can see the train arriving at platform 3.
Gravity is a film about space. It was praised by many film critics.
Gravity is a film about space praised by many film critics. / Gravity, praised by many film critics, is a film about space.
The couple lives next to us. Their daughter has two charming dogs.
The couple, whose daughter has two charming dogs, lives next to us.
The boy took the photograph. He gave it to his mother.
The boy took the photograph, which he gave to his mother.
The passenger is at the check-in desk. He is wearing a grey coat.
The passenger wearing a grey coat is at the check-in desk.
Millions of people are watching the spaceship. It’s heading towards the moon.
Millions of people are watching the spaceship heading towards the moon.
This is the house. I had my first party here.
This is the house where I had my first party.
That is the man. I met him at Alice’s party.
That is the man who/whom I met at Alice’s party.
The astronauts have trained for a long time. They are repairing the satellite.
The astronauts repairing the satellite have trained for a long time.
The woman lies on the sofa. She is talking on her phone.
The woman lying on the sofa is talking on her phone.
Jerry received a bad mark on his essay. It was only one page long.
Jerry received a bad mark on his essay, which was only one page long.
The boy smiled. Mary gave him some money.
The boy who/whom Mary gave some money (to) smiled.
Passengers will not be allowed to board the plane. They are the passengers who carry more than one bag.
Passengers carrying more than one bag will not be allowed to board the plane.
The girl sits on the floor. She is doing her homework.
The girl sitting on the floor is doing her homework.