Defining Clauses
(No Commas!)
(No Commas!)
The restaurant _____ we ate last night was amazing.
The restaurant where we ate last night was amazing.
My grandfather, _____ is 90 years old, still runs every morning.
My grandfather, who is 90 years old, still runs every morning.
Which relative pronoun do we always use when talking about people?
Answer: Who
London which is the capital of the UK is huge.
London, which is the capital of the UK, is huge.
That is the boy. He broke the window.
That is the boy who broke the window.
The woman _____ called you earlier is the principal.
The woman who called you earlier is the principal.
The Eiffel Tower, _____ was completed in 1889, is in Paris.
The Eiffel Tower, which was completed in 1889, is in Paris.
Which relative pronoun is the only one used to show ownership or possession?
Answer: Whose
The jacket that I am wearing is new.
The jacket that I am wearing is new.
(No commas needed!)
This is the cafe. We had our first date here.
This is the cafe where we had our first date.
I have a friend _____ brother is a famous YouTuber.
I have a friend whose brother is a famous YouTuber.
Paris, _____ we spent our honeymoon, is a beautiful city.
Paris, where we spent our honeymoon, is a beautiful city.
We use "who" for people. What two relative pronouns do we use for animals and objects?
Answer: Which and That
My older sister who lives in New York is visiting me.
My older sister, who lives in New York, is visiting me.
My phone is completely broken. It is only a month old.
My phone, which is only a month old, is completely broken.
I will always remember the day _____ we first met.
I will always remember the day when we first met.
Mr. Smith, _____ car was stolen yesterday, is talking to the police.
Mr. Smith, whose car was stolen yesterday, is talking to the police.
If the word right before is a time, day, or year
(like "2020" or "Friday"), which pronoun do you use?
Answer: When
My dog who loves to play fetch is sleeping on the couch.
My dog, who loves to play fetch, is sleeping on the couch.
Sarah is moving to Spain. Her husband is a pilot.
Sarah, whose husband is a pilot, is moving to Spain.
The laptop _____ you lent me has a dead battery.
The laptop that you lent me has a dead battery.
The year 2020, _____ the pandemic started, was difficult for everyone.
The year 2020, when the pandemic started, was difficult for everyone.
True or False: It is grammatically correct to say, "The car who is parked outside is mine."
False! We only use "who" for people.
It should be "The car which/that is parked outside..."
The shoes that I bought yesterday are already dirty.
The shoes that I bought yesterday are already dirty.
(No commas needed!)
I will never forget the day. I graduated on that day.
I will never forget the day when I graduated.