Show:
Chapter 9 & 10
Chapter 9 & 10
Chapter 9 & 10
Chapter 9 & 10
Chapter 9 & 10
100
An approach for selecting judges. in 1940, the plan allows the governor to select judges from a list of candidates compiled by a nominating commission made up of legal experts and citizens.
What is Missouri Plan?
100
The person accused of a crime or sued by a plaintiff in a civil action.
What is defendant ?
100
An uprising in Massachusetts in 1786– 1787 challenging the foreclosures of farm mortgages and demanding government action to improve the position of debtors.
What is Shay's Rebbellion?
100
The basic agreement among the former British colonies in America ( 13 “states”) that governed the relations among them and the powers of the national congress until the Constitution was ratified in 1789.
What is Articles of confederation?
100
A set of principles first developed centuries ago by British courts in efforts to establish a basic code of fairness for situations in which no statutory law applied.
What is common law?
200
The quality of being righteous, fair, and deserved.
What is Justice?
200
The lower of the two basic levels of courts in most judicial systems. The evidence pertaining to a case is presented in trial courts, whereas appellate courts normally rule on claims that trial courts made errors of law or procedure.
What is trial courts?
200
Developed in the study - the idea that the behavior of these individuals is largely determined by basic elements of their personalities and character.
What is presidential character?
200
The principle, associated most prominently with U.S. government, holding that arbitrary, irresponsible government power is best prevented by establishing a system in which each part of the government can check the actions of the others.
What is check and balances?
200
Courts that hear appeals from decisions made by trial courts. Normally, appellate courts do not hear new evidence, but instead respond to claims that a trial court misinterpreted the law or made a procedural error.
What is Appellate courts?
300
The person who brings a legal action against another person for damages in a civil suit; the “complaining party.”
What is plaintiff?
300
Refers to the wide-ranging patterns of illegal and abusive activities of the Nixon administration during 1972–1974. The name of an office and apartment building in Washington, DC, in which a burglary associated with the Nixon reelection effort took place.
What is Watergate?
300
The U.S. Supreme Court case from 1803 that, for the first time, held an act of Congress unconstitutional. Most historians believe that the opinion in this case established much of the power of the Supreme Court.
What is Marbury V. Madison?
300
The power of courts to overturn or void actions or laws that they feel are unlawful or inconsistent with basic law.
What is judicial review?
300
A body of law that supersedes other laws; for example, the U.S. Constitution is basic law in that statutes that contradict it are invalid.
What is basic law?
400
A legal system in which an independent judge (sometimes with a jury) hears arguments presented by two opposing sides before rendering a decision.
What is adversarial system?
400
A group of citizens who determine whether there is sufficient evidence to charge (or indict) a person or persons with a crime.
What is grand jury?
400
Organizations established to gather and disburse campaign contributions to candidates in the United States.
What is political action committees?
400
The idea, associated with James Madison, that political disputes would be less violent and destabilizing if the political system were extended to comprise all the states (rather than continuing to resolve most political disputes independently in each of the states).
What is Extended Republic?
400
The body of law created by acts of the legislature; distinct from provisions in constitutional law, law made by judges, and administrative regulations.
What is statutory law?
500
A moral or ethical standard grounded in some concept of nature or divinity.
What is Natural law?
500
The body of law pertaining to efforts by private parties to gain compensation for injuries inflicted by other private parties; for example, one person suing another for damages arising from libelous statements.
What is Civil law?
500
Elections held to select candidates for a general election.
What is Primaries?
500
The decision made, in drafting the U.S. Constitution, to divide the legislative power into two chambers, with the upper chamber designed so that each state would have two members in it regardless of population.
What is Connecticut Compromise?
500
Laws made by governments; normally contrasted with “natural” law. Legislative acts, judicial orders, executive decrees and administrative regulations are other examples. They are written laws.
What is positive law?