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This Renaissance political thinker wrote The Prince and argued that rulers may need to act harshly or deceive enemies to maintain power.
Who is Niccolò Machiavelli?
This 1789 event, when revolutionaries attacked a Paris prison, symbolized the beginning of the French Revolution.
What is the Storming of the Bastille?
This English playwright wrote famous plays such as Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet, many of which were performed at the Globe Theatre in London.
Who is William Shakespeare?
This invention allowed books and ideas to spread quickly across Europe during the Renaissance.
What is the printing press?
This hunting cabin of the French Monarch served as the social capitol of France. It also hosted the signing of the treaty that ended World War I.
What is Versailles?
This Italian Renaissance artist painted the famous portrait known as the Mona Lisa.
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
This document declared that all men were free and equal before the law in revolutionary France.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
This artist created the famous ceiling paintings of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City.
Who is Michelangelo?
During the Renaissance, scientists advanced this field of medicine by carefully studying the human body through dissection.
What is anatomy?
Vivaldi wrote a Baroque choral masterpiece with this element of the Mass as its theme.
What is the Gloria?
This Renaissance master painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City.
Who is Michelangelo?
Before the Revolution, French society was divided into this number of social groups called estates.
What is three?
Renaissance artists used this artistic technique to create the illusion of depth and distance in their paintings.
What is linear perspective?
This Renaissance scientist supported the revolutionary idea that the Earth moves around the sun using a telescope.
Who is Galileo?
This earlier astronomer first proposed the heliocentric theory that the Earth orbits the sun.
Who is Copernicus?
This radical French revolutionary led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror.
Who is Maximilien Robespierre?
This social class made up over 95% of the French population and carried most of the tax burden.
What is the Third Estate?
This Raphael painting famously depicts great thinkers like Plato and Aristotle gathered together.
What is the School of Athens?
This style of Renaissance church music featured multiple independent vocal lines sung together, creating rich harmony in sacred compositions.
What is polyphonic music?
This Christian humanist scholar believed that studying classical texts could help reform and improve the morality and education of the Church.
Who is Desiderius Erasmus?
This French general seized power in 1799 and later crowned himself Emperor of France.
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
This king of France was executed by guillotine in 1793 during the Revolution.
Who is Louis XVI?
This Renaissance architect designed the massive dome of the Florence Cathedral.
Who is Filippo Brunelleschi?
This architectural innovation by Brunelleschi crowned the Florence Cathedral and became a symbol of Renaissance engineering.
What is the dome of Florence Cathedral?
This Enlightenment philosopher argued that legitimate government should be based on the “general will” of the people in his work The Social Contract.
Who is Jean‑Jacques Rousseau?