Dates
When was the Renaissance?
1350-1550 (14th-16th centuries)
What does "renaissance" mean?
Rebirth
Who is considered the Father of the Renaissance?
Petrarch
What invention revolutionized the West by making books more accessible?
Gutenberg Printing Press
Who was the English king that centralized England?
Henry VII
When was the High Renaissance
1480-1520
Where did the Renaissance begin, and why did it begin in that country?
Italy; location helped trade between East and West
What are the two definitions of "humanism"?
Classical scholarship; significance of human activity/achievement
Where, typically, did most artists find their inspiration from?
Classical world
Why didn't (generally) Eastern Europe centralize?
Ethnic and religious differences made it basically impossible
When was the printing press invented?
1455
Explain what a balance of power is using the Italian city-states as examples
If Venice (or another of the city-states) became too powerful, the other 4 city-states would team up against Venice to make all of them about the same amount of power/influence
Why is Petrarch the father of the Renaissance?
Because he glorified the intellectual life, even at the expense of the spiritual life
Who are three different artists during the High Renaissance?
Leonardo, Raphael, Donatello, Michelangelo
Why didn't the Holy Roman Empire centralize?
Maximillian I tried, but the German princes resisted too much and centralization failed
1469
What's the difference between a barter economic system and a capitalistic economic system?
Barter - trade goods for goods
Capitalistic - trade goods for money
What are the 7 liberal arts?
Grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music
What are two different methods Renaissance artists used when creating?
What two components of centralization did Renaissance monarchs want to have?
Power of the purse, power of the sword
When was the Reconquista finished?
1492 (also when Columbus sailed the ocean blue...)
What are three (of the four) requirements for a courtly class?
1 - (Classical) Education
2 - Fundamental values of birth, character, grace, and talents
3 - Cultivate certain achievements
4 - Maintain certain standards of conduct
Why are the 7 Liberal Arts called "liberal"?
Helps free from servile arts; being free from sin
How does art shift from the Medieval era to the Renaissance?
Emphasis on natural, reality, and the human rather than spiritual significance
Turned to secular power/authority, increasing corruption and nepotism