Renaissance
In which city and country did the Renaissance begin?
Florence, Italy
Martin Luther nailed what famous document to what thing?
95 Theses to a Church Door
A monk who started the Protestant Reformation with his 95 Theses.
Martin Luther
The sale of "Tickets to Heaven" paying money to avoid purgatory
Indulgences
This is Mr. S, favorite Baroque painting.
Mary Magdalene (c. 1598) by Domenico Tintoretto,
Name 3 reasons the Renaissance started in Italy
Italy's trade wealth, wealthy patrons, its Roman classical heritage, and competition among city-states helped the Renaissance develop there.
Fighting among the German states after Luther's 95 Theses ended with this treaty
The Peace of Augsburg 1555
A famous Renaissance artist and inventor. He is known for paintings like the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
A way of thinking that focused on human potential and achievements instead of just religion.
Humanism
A series of meetings where Catholic leaders made changes to the Church.
Council of Trent
How did the Medici's make their money?
Banking
Why did King Henry VIII break with the Roman Catholic Church?
Henry wanted his marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled and clashed with the pope. Political authority and control over the English Church were also important. Did not hurt to seize a bunch of money from monasteries either.
This person invented the Printing Press
Johannes Gutenberg
The giving of church postions to a member of your own family
Nepotism
The defining characteristics of the Jesuit Order
High education, High loyalty to catholic church, willingness to go anywhere on mission work,
How did Renaissance ideas spread north?
They gradually spread through trade, travel, diplomacy, returning soldiers, books, and artists.
This is someone who's ideas go against the church and can be killed.
Heretic
This inventor helped study outer space and was the first to claim Earth wasn't the center of the Universe
Galileo
This was the holding of multiple church positions at the same time
Pluralism
This group brought Galileo on trial for what?
The Roman Inquisition brought Galileo on trial for belief in Heliocentrism
How did the printing press change European Society? (3 reasons)
Johannes Gutenberg's movable-type printing press made books faster and cheaper to produce. It spread Renaissance learning, humanist texts, and religious criticism to a wider audience.
Martin Luther escaped death after the Diet of Worms with the help of this man
Fredrick III, Fredrick the Elector, Fredrick the Wise would have all been accepted
10 years before a more famous work, he wrote in 1503 that the way to deal with rebels is to placate them or eliminate them.
Niccolò Machiavelli
This was the practice of buying Church postions
Simony
How did the Catholic/Counter Reformation differ from the Protestant Reformation in its response to corruption and disagreements over religious authority?
Both movements responded to problems within Christianity, but Protestants such as Martin Luther challenged papal authority and rejected certain Catholic teachings, while the Catholic Church reaffirmed the pope's authority and traditional doctrines while removing corruption.