A holy war between Christians and Muslims over control of land in the Middle East, including Jerusalem.
100
What was the Black Death?
A terrible pandemic that killed millions during the Middle Ages.
100
What was the Renaissance?
A re-awakening of thought, art, and expression, which was inspired by older tradition and also new ideas on government.
100
What was the Reformation?
A Christian movement, which resulted in the split of the Church into the Catholic Church and the Protestant Church.
100
What was the Counter-Reformation?
The Catholic Church's response to the charges made by Luther and others in the Reformation.
200
What was the goal of the 1st Crusade?
Christians to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslims.
200
Who carried and spread the Black Death?
Fleas on rats
200
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
200
Who was Martin Luther?
A Catholic Priest who challenged the Catholic Church and led the Reformation movement in Germany.
200
What was the important meeting that took place among Catholic Church leaders during the Catholic Counter-Reformation?
Council of Trent
300
What was the goal of the later Counter-Crusades?
For Muslims to reclaim Jerusalem from the Christians.
300
How did the Black Death spread from Asia to Europe?
Rats boarded ships, which were carrying cargo and supplies for trading up and down the coast. They got off the boats in places like Italy.
300
Why did the Renaissance begin where it did?
It began in Italy because Italy had a great geographical location. Also, there were many educated people in Italy and a lot of wealth from the Catholic Church.
300
Why did the Reformation happen in England?
The King wanted to get a divorce and re-marry, because he was trying to have a male heir.
300
What things does the Church change as a result of the Counter-Reformation?
The practice of selling indulgences is reformed, though not eliminated.
They make an adjustment to the calender, which results in the Gregorian calender that we still use today.
400
What is the outcome of the Crusades?
The Christians reclaim Jerusalem in the 1st Crusade, however they lose it to the Muslims in later Counter-Crusades. Essentially they are right back where they started before the 1st Crusade.
400
Who did the people look to to solve the Black Death?
The Catholic Church
400
What was the humanist perspective and how has it impacted our modern society?
It promotes individualism. Obviously, we live in a world where individualism is very important. Often times people think about themselves first. Also, we value individual rights. These are all a direct result of the Renaissance thinkers.
400
Name at least 2 of Luther's critiques found in the 95 Theses.
The canons and rules of the Church only apply to those who are alive. It is wrong for the Church to accept money for dead people in purgatory. Indulgences are wrong. Death puts an end to all claims and power of the Church.
400
Which Church practices does the Church keep/not change during the Counter-Reformation?
Purgatory, prayers for the dead, Priest celibacy, teaching of the Apocrypha, Faith + Good works, Bible + Apocrypha + Tradition (rather than just Bible).
500
What long-lasting consequences have the Crusades had on the world?
There has been ongoing conflict between Muslims/Christians/Jews both before the Crusades, and up through today. These struggles between various groups still continue today.
500
What were the long-lasting consequences of the Black Death?
1/3 to 1/2 of the world's population died. The Church lost the trust of a lot of people who depended on them to solve the problem.
500
Identify and explain 3 Renaissance inventions, and discuss their impact on the world.
How do the ideas of the Renaissance and the Reformation connect with each other?
The Renaissance and Reformation are a time of re-awakening for the world. Ideas from the Middle Ages are being challenged (including Church teachings) and the Catholic Church is losing power and followers to new ideas (like the Protestant Churches).
500
What long-lasting legacy does the Counter-Reformation make on the Church?
Makes them more willing to make changes, when issues arise. The Vatican I and II are great examples. The Church addressed issues of that time and answered them. Mass is now given in various languages, rather than only Latin.