Renaissance
What class are we in?
World History
War between England and France over succession to the French throne. It strengthened royal power and brought an end to feudalism.
Hundred Years War
pardons from punishments for committing sinful acts, allowing the sinner to enter Heaven
Indulgences
Rallied French troops around king and successfully drove English out of Orleans
Joan of Arc
What is the instructor's name?
Mr. Kirkwood
brought new goods from East, and caused rebirth of trade
Crusades
Spoiled crops and food shortage. Farm animals needed for work were slaughtered for food, seed grain was eaten as a result of this event.
Great Famine
What era was Europe in before the Renaissance era?
Middle Ages
A famous sculptor, scientist, inventor, and painter of such works as the Mona Lisa and the last Supper.
Leonardo da Vinci
Developed a printing press with movable type in Germany around 1450.
Johann Gutenburg
A politician in Florence who wrote the book, "The Prince", informing rulers how to secure and maintain power. He believed the “end justifies the means”.
Niccolò Machiavelli
The Queen of England, who won the loyalty and affection of her subjects.
Elizabeth I
A church court who whose purpose was to punish “heretics” or people who denied Church teachings. Trials were held to question those who challenged the Church. Victims were often tortured to obtain confessions.
Inquisition
Renaissance thinkers, such as Petrarch and Erasmus, who studied classical Roman and Greek literature, poetry and philosophy
Humanists
A disease carried on ships from Asia to Europe that killed millions of people
Black Death
Polish scientist who concluded that the Earth orbits the sun. His theory challenged Church beliefs.
Nicholas Copernicus
Augustinian monk posted his Ninety-Five Theses on a church door in Germany challenging the Pope’s right to sell indulgences. He eventually broke with the Catholic church and started the Lutheran church
Martin Luther
A rebirth of European culture that began in the Italian city states.
Renaissance
A Florentine artist whose major sculptures, such as David, Moses, and Pieta, were startling realistic. He is also known for his paintings of Bible scenes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome
Michelangelo
A meeting of church officials to redefine Catholic beliefs, stop the sale of indulgences, and stop the spread of Protestantism
Council of Trent
Caused a split in the Catholic Church when a Frenchman was elected pope in 1305 and moved the Papacy from Rome to Avignon. Then an Italian elected Pope in 1378 moved the Papacy backed to Rome, causing the French to elect a Pope to remain in Avignon. A Church Council was established to settle this issue and elected a Pope of their own, a third Pope. As a result, all three Popes were dismissed by a new Church Council and this greatly weakened the prestige of the Papacy and the church.
Great Schism
The manorial system, political, economic, and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on their land and on their lord.
Manorialism
The reaction to the rise of the Protestant Reformation by making limited reforms creating things like the Council of Trent, the Inquisition and instituted a new order or Priests knowns as Jesuits.
Counter Reformation
Rigid social, political, economic structure, manorialism, weak kingdoms
Feudalism
A lawyer who started a new Protestant Church in Geneva. Believed that God was all knowing, and God had already decided who would be saved and who would not be
John Calvin