Renaissance
Where did the Renaissance originate?
Italy
decrease
What is another term for the Counter Reformation?
Catholic Reformation
He began the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
What philosophy emphasized the importance of the individual?
humanism
What two cultures were revived as a result of the Renaissance?
Greek, Roman
Martin Luther nailed these to the door of a Catholic church in Germany.
95 Theses
Who were people sent to spread the Catholic religion around the world?
missionaries
What did Johannes Gutenberg create?
How did the location of Italian city-states help to inspire the Renaissance?
On Mediterranean, crossroads of cultures, great trade location
realism
This complaint against the Catholic Church related to people paying for their salvation.
Sale of Indulgences
At this meeting, bishops and other leaders of the Catholic Church agreed on several doctrines.
Council of Trent
He created a division of Protestantism that became popular in Switzerland and Scotland.
John Calvin
predestination
The emphasis of this philosophy led people to focus on the here and now as opposed to their afterlife.
humanism
This emphasis on nonreligious activities and beliefs became central during this period.
secularism
Any person who questioned the final authority of the Catholic Church was considered to be this.
heretic
Henry VIII created which division of Protestantism in England?
Anglican
This action by Henry VIII declared himself as the head of the church of England.
Act of Supremacy
Identify two causes of the Renaissance.
Black Plague, Crusades, Fall of Byzantine Empire, Printing Press
Identify two effects of the Protestant Reformation.
Decreased influence of church in Western Europe, increased influence of monarchs, less religious unity throughout Europe, increase in universities, Catholic Church became more unified (Counter Reformation), increase in number of sects of Christianity
What was done with anything containing Protestant teachings?
created an index of Forbidden Books
He founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits).
Ignatius of Loyola
Northern Europeans tend to be more ________________ (Protestant or Catholic), while Southern Europeans tend to be more _________________ (Protestant or Catholic).
Protestant, Catholic