Diagnostics
Nurse is observing a client after a cystoscopy and the client states they have burning when they urinate, their urine is pink tinged, and that their urine looks cloudy with a foul odor.
What is report the cloudy foul odor as that is a sign of infection as the other symptoms are expected findings?
A nurse is caring for a client that is having peritoneal dialysis and notes the dialysate output is less than the input. The nurse should do this first.
What is have the client change positions and check for kinks?
This is the most common cause of acute kidney injury and you would instruct the client to intake this amount of fluids.
What is contrast and 3 L to flush it out of the kidneys?
This is the amount of urine that a client should urinate per hour.
What is 30 mL/hr?
3.5 to 5.0
What is potassium? K+
Nurse is observing a client after a Kidney biopsy and the client reports that they were having difficulty urinating but when they finally can urinate it was pink tinged, and they also have severe pain in their lower back and abdomen.
What is difficulty urinating and severe pain in their lower back in abdomen (signs of bleeding somewhere else in the body)?
Pink tinged urine is an expected finding
A nurse is about to take a patient down for dialysis. This is what they should do before and after dialysis.
What is get their weight?
One of these are an expected finding after a kidney biopsy: 1.Difficulty voiding 2. blood in the urine 3.severe pain in the back, shoulder, or abdomen
What is 2. blood in the urine?
This is the amount of urine that the bladder will start to feel full and the client will get the sensation to urinate.
What is 150 mL?
136 to 145
What is sodium? Na
These are the diagnostic tests that use contrast dye.
What is renal scan, cystography, and IVP (intravenous pyelography)?
FYI MRI and CT Scan can have an order for contrast dye but they don't require contrast dye like the other exams.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having peritoneal dialysis. They notice difficulty draining the effluent, redness at the access site, fluid flowing from the catheter site, and cloudy effluent. They would immediately report which finding to the provider.
What is cloudy effluent as that is a sign of infection?
Nurse is taking care of a client that is post op one week from a kidney transplant. Their creatinine is 0.8 mg/dL, BP is 160/90, Na is 137 mg/dL, and urine output is 100 mL/hr. Name the indication that the client is experiencing acute kidney rejection.
Remember the kidney's role is fluid and blood pressure regulation so HTN can be a sign of rejection.
The client's urine specific gravity is 1.036. Is this high or low and what would it indicate.
What it high and it is an indication of dehydration?
1.010 - 1.025
The normal ranges for Calcium. (Ca)
What is 9.0 to 10.5?
Nurse is reviewing lab work for a client with CKD.
K+: 6.8 Ca: 7.4 Hgb: 10.2 Phosphate:4.8
What is report K+ level because the client has hyperkalemia?
The calcium is low but remember your ABCs and high K+ can cause cardiac issues.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving hemodialysis. The client is reporting having a headache and is restless.
What is a complication of dialysis called disequilibrium syndrome?
A nurse is collecting data from a client following ESWL. Their findings are palpitations, pink-tinged urine, bruising on the flank area, and stone fragments in the urine. The nurse would report this finding to the provider immediately.
What is palpitations?
All of the other findings are expected after ESWL.
The nurse is instructing a client on how to collect a 24 hour urine specimen.
What is discard the first void, if they miss a void they will need to start the process over, and they need to keep the urine container on ice?
Normal ranges for phosphorus.
What is 3.0 to 4.5?
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic glomerulonephritis with oliguria. What electrolyte imbalance would they monitor for this client?
What is hyperkalemia?
Oliguria resulting from chronic glomerulonephritis causes potassium retention.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse should monitor for this adverse effect.
What is respiratory distress?
This can happen due to fluid overload.
This is the normal ranges for BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine.
What is BUN 8-20 and creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2?
List the steps for a midstream urine collection.
What is nondominant hand, wipe from front to back with a antimicrobial wipe, start the stream, then collect the urine, and remove the specimen cup before completion?
98 to 106
What is chloride?
A nurse would do these on a client with a fistula.
What is feel the thrill and listen to the bruit?
These are commons signs/symptoms of CKD and AKI.
What are neck/vein distension, stupor, and bounding pulse?
The normal ranges for magnesium.
What is 1.3 to 2.1?