In the Beginning
This laboratory finding is commonly associated with prerenal AKI and is often greater than 20:1.
This common urine test evaluates color, specific gravity, protein, glucose, and the presence of blood or bacteria.
What is urinalysis
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are the two leading causes of this condition.
What is chronic kidney disease
This is what helps my Kidneys fuction properly
What are Nephrons
This therapy moves fluids and molecules across a semipermeable membrane and can remove waste products and correct fluid and electrolytes imbalance
What is Dialysis
Severe dehydration, hemorrhage, and heart failure are common causes of this type of kidney injury.
What is prerenal acute kidney injury
This urine measurement helps determine the kidney's ability to concentrate or dilute urine.
What is urine specific gravity?
A decreasing value of this kidney function test indicates worsening chronic kidney disease.
What is GFR
This is what filters out medications and waste products
What is the Glomerulus
GFR <15, hyperkalemia,, fluid overload, presence of uremia
What are the reasons requiring HD
Acute tubular necrosis, glomerulonephritis, and nephrotoxic drug exposure are common causes of this type of kidney injury.
What is intrarenal kidney injury
When a patient has symptoms of a UTI, this urine test is ordered to guide antibiotic therapy based on the organism's susceptibility.
What is urine cultural and sensitivity
A patient with CKD complains of persistent itching due to the buildup of waste products and phosphorus in the blood.
What is pruritus
This is how the kidneys help regulate my BP
What is the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system
Blood pressures, venipunctures, and IV insertions should be avoided in the arm containing this dialysis access.
What is an AV fistula
A patient with AKI has a urine output of 3,500 mL in 24 hours and is at risk for fluid volume deficit and electrolyte loss.
What is the diuretic phase
When the kidneys cannot effectively excrete this substance, blood levels rise and may result in gout or kidney stones.
What is uric acid
This hallmark manifestation of CKD occurs when excess nitrogenous waste products accumulate in the blood.
What is Uremia
This kidney-produced hormone is often deficient in patients with chronic kidney disease, contributing to anemia.
What is erythropoietin
Blood pressures, venipunctures, and IV insertions should be avoided in the arm containing this dialysis access.
What is hypotension
An older male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) develops decreased urine output and rising creatinine levels due to this type of kidney injury.
What is postrenal kidney injury
A patient's serum level of this substance increases from 1.0 mg/dL to 3.5 mg/dL, suggesting worsening renal function.
What is Creatinine
This stage of CKD occurs when the GFR falls between 15 and 29 mL/min/1.73 m², indicating severe kidney damage.
What is stage 4
An older adult may require lower medication doses because aging decreases this kidney process responsible for eliminating many drugs.
What is decrease renal clearance
A nurse notes that the peritoneal dialysis effluent is cloudy and the patient reports abdominal tenderness. The nurse should suspect this complication.
What is peritonitis