Risk Factors &/or Underlying Causes
Aging, neurological disease, pregnancy
What are risk factors for incontinence?
The most common manifestation associated with Nephrotic syndrome.
What is massive proteinuria?
The client has a urinalysis of urine specific gravity of 1.010 and is experiencing this diagnosis.
What is Acute Renal Failure?
This is used to treat atrophic bladder in postmenopausal women.
What is Estrogen vaginal (hormonal) cream?
Before giving IV contrast, this is your top priority nursing assessment.
What is assess kidney function (BUN/creatinine) and allergy history (iodine, shellfish)?
Adequate urine output in mL/hr
What is >30 mL/hr?
Obesity, smoking, and chronic renal calculi increase the risk for this cancer.
Renal Cell Carcinoma
This breathing pattern may be observed in ESRD with metabolic acidosis.
What is Kussmaul's respirations?
And elevated level of this nitrogenous waste product in the blood is a key indicator of impaired kidney function.
What is blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?
Maneuver used in children with spina bifida or spinal cord injuries to aide in emptying the bladder.
What is Crede's maneuver?
Education you teach a patient with stress incontinence about this first-line treatment.
What is Kegel exercises?
Complication of peritoneal dialysis involving infection.
What is Peritonitis?
What causes post-infectious glomerulonephritis in pediatric or young adult populations?
What is Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus?
This renal cancer symptom often goes unnoticed due to its painless nature.
What is hematuria?
You’re evaluating a UA for glomerulonephritis. These findings would support the diagnosis.
What are proteinuria, hematuria, and red cell casts?
This class of meds treats urge incontinence but can cause dry mouth and constipation.
What are anticholinergics (e.g., oxybutynin)?
You're caring for a transplant patient. Fever, graft pain, and decreased urine output are signs of this complication.
What is acute rejection?
A dialysis patient suddenly develops headache, nausea, and restlessness during their first treatment.
What is dialysis disequilibrium syndrome?
Dehydration, and hypotension contribute to this AKI subtype.
What is prerenal acute kidney injury?
Symptoms of extreme pruritus and several areas of crystallized white deposits on the skin on a patient with stage 5 CKD.
What is Uremic Frost?
This diagnostic procedure provides visual confirmation of bladder abnormalities and allows for biopsy.
What is a cystoscopy?
This procedure uses sound waves to break up renal calculi and is often used for patients with symptomatic stones.
What is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)?
The fistula is cool to touch and has no bruit. Your action is...
What is notify the provider immediately (possible thrombosis or occlusion)?
Immunosuppressive drug that causes nephrotoxicity and hirsutism.
What is cyclosporine?
Major trauma/surgery, nephrotoxic medications, contrast dye, hypotension, and a history of renal insufficiency.
What are risk factors of Acute Renal Failure?
The client is experiencing diabetic neuropathy and urinary incontinence and has frequent loss of small amounts of urine.
What is overflow?
This diagnostic procedure uses contrast dye and requires checking allergies and holding metformin.
What is an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)?
Focus is on supportive treatment to prevent further kidney damage, but ultimately will need a kidney transplant.
What is Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Education that is provided to a patient with a new ileal conduit.
What is stoma care, fluid intake, and infection prevention?
A patient on dialysis tells you they are exhausted and "just want to stop." What is the nurse’s most therapeutic response?
What is, “Can you tell me more about how you’re feeling?” (therapeutic communication and psychosocial support)