is it that easy?
type of pain with kidney stones and what causes this pain
Flank to Groin (pain gets worse)
stag horn appearance moving through kidney that cause small "cuts" in muscle tissue... when urine passes through it can cause burning from the salts in urine
masses of crystals, protein or other substances that can obstruct urinary tract
what is the most common mineral seen?
- Renal Calculi
- Calcium (calcium oxaiate & calcium phosphate)
Bladder Contracting vs. Bladder Not contracting (names)
Detrusor Hyperreflexia & Detrusor areflexia
decreased GFR d/t vasodilation, ^ Cap Permeability, reduced creatinine clearance
Glomerular Nephritis
only have one kidney
Yes, bc the remaining kidney will double in size
#1 risk factor of bladder tumors
Smoking
treatment for kidney stone
increase fluid intake, low dietary intake of stone forming substance, stone removal
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water will help mobilize the stone to pee out
Tell me about renal cell carcinoma
highly aggressive, asymptomatic til stage 4
AKI is commonly caused by
Hypovolemic shock
Chronic Pyelonephritis
Yes
#1 Risk manifestation in UTI
Cloudy Urine aka dead neutrophils
after obstruction, is it normal to pee more or less? say the term
More & its called post obstructive diuresis
the part most inflamed in lower UTI
the part most inflamed in upper UTI
Trigone - urine exit out of bladder
Renal Pelvis
Protein in Urine
Protein + RBC in urine
Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephritic Syndrome (worse)
Acute Cystitis
No because its acute
scarring from chronic pyelonephritis is from... and what important manifestation would you see
Reoccurring kidney stones and Fever
#1 risk factor in supersaturation (growth into a stone via crystallization)
Calcium Carbonate (antacids/tums)
Need Vitamin D to neutralize it.
makes someone more susceptible to UTI
urinary frequency, female (shorter urethra), Poor hygiene, diabetes
Most severe renal failure and why
Chronic Renal Failure, irreversible loss (affect both kidneys) - HTN, diabetes can lead to EOD
1. Hydroureter
2. Hydronephrosis
3. Neurogenic Bladder
1. Yes
2. YES
3. No
the difference between neurogenic bladder & Dyssynergia
nothing.. its the same.
renal calculi start at which part of the kidney
is it painful as it gets bigger?
Minor Calyces
No, kidney stones are painless in progression
a pt was told they had a Renal Adenoma, the provider says they need to remove the whole kidney.. why is this the best treatment
since the extent of the tumor is unknown, the provider might suggest to remove the kidney if its already causing poor kidney function.
Symptoms of Chronic Renal Failure
Proteinuria, Uremia
LOW creatinine, LOW urea clearance
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
acid base imbalance
Anemia d/t low EPO
Chronic Kidney disease & ESRD
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Why? Because it affects both kidneys. ur out of luck.