Renal System Anatomy pt.1
A ball of capillaries that is the entry point into the nephron
What is a glomerulus?
Occurs when filtrate passes through the proximal and distal convoluted tubules
What is reabsorption?
the functional unit of the kidney
what is a kidney
increases the reabsorption of NaCl at the loop of Henle
what is aldosterone?
where Na+ is actively transported out of the filtrate // Cl- is also attracted out of the filtrate which is followed by water
what is a proximal convoluted tubule?
arteriole that is bringing blood TO the glomerulus
what is the afferent arteriole?
final stop for ultrafiltrate before becoming urine // this is where ADH binds to receptors (they stimulate aquaporin water channels)
what is the collecting duct?
peritubular capillaries that reabsorb water and Na+ that leave ultrafiltrate into the interstitial fluid
what is the vasa recta?
supply oxygenated blood to both kidneys
what are renal arteries
capillaries that have pores (holes) // present in the glomerulus to help push filtrate out of the glomerulus into the PCT
what are fenestrated capillaries?
where osmotic movement of water happens in which water moves out of ultrafiltrate into the interstitial fluid // ONLY permeable to water
what is the descending limb of loop of henle
hormone secreted by juxtaglomerular cells that increases blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate
what is renin?
tubes that carry urine from the kidneys out to the urinary bladder
what are ureters
after entering the glomerular capsule (after afferent arteriole) = when blood becomes ______
what is ultra filtrate
Since the ascending loop and descending loop are in close proximity flowing in opposite directions, this creates a ______
what is a positive feedback loop
hormone that increases water reabsorption at the collecting duct
what is ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?
the site of angiotensin I converting into angiotensin II
what are the lungs
after leaving the distal convoluted tubule into the collecting duct = when ultra filtrate becomes ____
what is urine
portion of the nephron not permeable to water // as ions (Na+) move through, they are actively pushed out of ultrafiltrate to even out the concentration
what is the ascending limb of loop of henle
approximate percentage of water that is reabsorbed across the proximal convoluted tubule
what is about 65%?