Renal/Urinary 1
difference between urinalysis and urine culture collection?
what in a UA detects possible UTI?
what in a UA detects possible UTI?
what is clean catch vs sterile catch
Leukocytes or white blood cells
prevention/treatments of UTIs? Antibiotics. Wipe from front to back for females, avoid long bubble baths, wear cotton underwear, urinating after intercourse.
Signs and Symptoms to be mindful of when your client is taking a diuretic?
what is hypokalemia, Muscle pain, cramping, weakness, orthostatic hypotension
when concerned that your client is retaining urine, what will the nurse do as part of their interventions
what is pelvic assessment, bladder scan
decreased cardiac output is most directly associated with what other decrease?
What is the minimum urine output?
What can diseases lead to decrease cardiac output and decreased urinary output.
what is decreased urinary output
30 ml/hr.
Heart failure, MI, hypotension, hypovolemia
what is erythropoietin
What increases the risk of Cystitis
what are, Taking long bubble baths, Incomplete bladder emptying, Sexual intercourse, improper wiping, holding urine for long periods of time.
renal stones can be made or compromised of what 2 elements and what causes each?
What nursing interventions and dietary recommendations are priority for a renal stone client?
What must nurses do with every client with a renal stone?
what is calcium or uric acid
dietary intake of calcium or protein, gout (uric acid),
Monitor Is and Os, Increase fluid intake at least 3 liters per day
Restrict protein (animal meat), red meat, organ meat and beer.
Strain urine for stones
After this procedure, monitor urine output because contrast dye increases the risk for kidney failure in older adults.
what must the nurse do prior to this procedure?
Client Teaching?
what is an IV pyelogram
ensure the patient does not have an allergy to iodine or shellfish, consent has been signed.
You will feel a warm flushed sensation during administration
Clients with glomerulonephritis should avoid what types of foods/liquids?
what is sodium containing solutions/foods and/or things that dehydrate clients such as coffee tea (caffeine).
Renal failure leads to what major sides effects (signs/symptoms)
What is the major nursing concern with renal failure?
what is decreased urinary output, concentrated electrolytes and fluid retention.
cardiac arrhythmias
Name the 3 phases of Acute Kidney Failure
Identify specifics regarding each phase of AKF
what is oliguria( low urine output), diuresis (increased flow of urine due to increased fluid intake), and recovery
Phase 1 (oliguria): less than 400 ml per day, the excess of urine is backed up in the body causing edema and hypertension, electrolyte imbalances such as hyperkalemia (causing dysrthmia) and hyponatremia (seizures ), increased creatinine, BUN and metabolic acidosis.
Phase 2 (diuresis) : up to 5 liters per day, improvement in lab values.
Phase 3 ( recovery): Normalization of lab values and Gfr.
Clients with an obstructive renal stone may need a nephrostomy tube, what are your nursing interventions.
What do you teach your client when having a unilateral nephrostomy tube?
what is monitor for s/s of infection, monitor drainage color, clarity, and amount.
Patients will still void from the urethra and the nephrostomy tube
Client has a TURP, what will the patient most likely have in place following their TURP?
What is the nursing responsiblity with this intervention?
what is a CBI
nurses titrate to pink tinged urine
Differentiate between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis ?
Nursing actions with both?
In dialysis will clients have urine output?
what is peritoneal is through abdomen and hemo is through a AV fistula in the arm using blood access.
feel a thrill hear a bruit
NO
Clients with chronic renal failure should be on what type of diet?
what is Low sodium, low potassium, low sodium, fluid restrictions
High K can lead to?
Cardiac arrhythmias
exercise recommend to help decrease incontinence?
what are kegel exercises
what is renal colic?
what is when the stone moves through the renal and urinary system it will cause pain and spasms where when the stone stops moving, the pain will subside. This will happen back and forth until the stone is finally passed
what do clients get a TURP to treat?
what is BPH,
Client with peritoneal dialysis presents to the clinic with a hard firm abdomen, what is your initial nursing action?
what are you concerned it happening?
What else can identify this concern?
what should we teach the client about in flow and outflow of dialysis solution?
what is notify the provider
peritonitis
abdominal pain
cloudy output
what is acidosis
If the client presents with stroke like systems with ESRD, what would be your initial assessments?
a client with polycystic kidney disease should restrict what major element and why?
what is sodium
Sodium would cause the kidneys to have reduced function and remove less water resulting in higher blood pressure
Client has a large sized urinary catheter in place, what should you expect the client to complain of with a larger foley?
what is sensation to void, urge to void, no pain,
when titrating the CBI what do you use to titrate ?
what is pink tinged urine
what is the purpose of dialysis ??
best snacks for a client on hemodialysis to prevent hypoglycemia
what is to remove all toxins, medications, and level out the electrolyte concentration in the blood.
unsalted crackers, milk, apple, unsalted pretzels
client who is post-TURP, what should the nurse do first if the client develops a low grade fever (100 F)
what is notify the MD immediately