Direct Speech TO Reported Speech
Tim: "I am exhausted"
Tim said that he was exhausted.
In Reported Speech, we change "Present Simple" to...
Past Simple
Melissa said that there were three people waiting at the bus stop.
Melissa: "There are three people waiting at the bus stop."
We use Direct Speech when we want to reproduce what somebody says or said.
False! In these cases we use Reported Speech.
In Reported Speech, we change "today" to...
that day
Sara: "I will buy a house one day"
Sara said she would buy a house one day.
In Reported Speech, we change "Present Perfect" to...
Past Perfect
My friends said that they had been shopping that afternoon.
My friends: "We have been shopping this afternoon."
When we report what somebody said, we have to change the tense we use in the Reported Speech.
True! We usually go one step back into the past.
In Reported Speech, we change "now" to...
then / at that moment
Tim (told you): "I can get a job in London"
Tim told me that he could get a job in London.
In Reported Speech, we change "Past Simple" to...
Past Perfect
Suzanne said that her father must travel a lot because he was a salesman.
Suzanne: "My father must travel a lot because he is a salesman."
In Direct Speech, the tenses usually go one step back into the past.
False! It happens in Reported Speech.
In Reported Speech, we change "yesterday" to...
the previous day / the day before
Harry (told his girlfriend): "My mom is visiting my grandma this weekend"
Harry told his girlfriend his mom was visiting his grandma the following weekend.
In Reported Speech, we change "can" to...
could
Sue told me that Mary's boyfriend lived in Paris.
Sue: "Mary's boyfriend lives in Paris."
Personal Pronouns change to the Third Person Singular or Plural, except when the speaker reports his own words.
True!
In Reported Speech, we change "tomorrow" to...
the following day / the day after
Me to Ann: "Don't smoke here"
I told Ann not to/to not smoke there.
In Reported Speech, we change "may" to...
might
Mr. Smith warned me to my homework on time if I wanted to get a good grade.
Mr. Smith: "Do your homework on time if you want to get a good grade."
In Reported Speech, we often use the verbs "say" and "tell". We use "tell" when there is no indirect object, whereas "say" when you say who was being spoken to.
False! We necessarily use "told" when there is an indirect object (E.g.: She told me...), while "say" we can use with or without an indirect object (E.g.: She said that... or She said to her mother that...).
In Reported Speech, we change "three days ago" to...
three days before