Flower Morphology
The branch of biology that deals with the form and structure of living organisms
The outer parts of a flower, often green and leaf-like, that enclose and protect the developing bud.
What is sepals?
The male reproductive organs of a flower, collectively known as the androecium.
What is stamens?
The transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma, often by wind, water, or animals.
Pollination
An ovule containing a zygote and primary endosperm nucleus after double fertilization has occurred; it matures into a seed.
What is fertilized ovule?
A flower is evolutionarily considered a highly modified shoot, where the leaves are specialized into sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels to facilitate reproduction.
What is "Modified shoot"?
The collective term for all the sepals of a flower.
What is Calyx?
The part of the stamen where pollen is produced and contained
What is anther?
Plants that can be fertilized by their own pollen or pollen from the same flower. This process is called self-fertilization.
What is Self-pollinated / Selfers
Capable of producing offspring. In a floral context, this refers to the parts directly involved in reproduction (stamens and carpels).
What is fertile?
Flowering plants that produce their seeds enclosed within a fruit, as opposed to the "naked" seeds of gymnosperms. They are the most diverse group of land plants.
What is Angiosperm?
The often brightly colored, conspicuous parts of a flower that attract pollinators.
What is petals?
The slender stalk that supports the anther
What is filament?
Flowers that never open and are self-pollinated internally
What is Cleistogamous?
The young, rudimentary plant within the seed that develops from the zygote
What is embryo?
The cyclic arrangement of leaves, sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels that radiate from a single point on the stem or stalk.
What is whorls?
The collective term for all the petals of a flower
What is corolla?
The female reproductive units of a flower, which enclose the ovules. One or more of these make up the pistil.
The process where a pollen grain, upon landing on a compatible stigma, produces a pollen tube
What is pollen germination?
As with pollen tube grown, endosperm growth is most readily done when the _________ conditions are most favorable for the particular plant's growth and development.
What is climatic conditions?
Specialized structures of the flower (sepals, petals, stamens, carpels) that are considered modified leaves.
What is Floral appendages?
Glands within the flower that produce nectar, a sugary fluid that attracts pollinators
What is Nectaries?
The ovule-producing part of a flower, consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma
What is pistil?
The extension of a tube from the pollen grain, growing down through the style tissue to reach the ovule in the ovary
What is Pollen Tube Growth?
A unique process in angiosperms where two sperm cells are involved: one fuses with the egg cell to form the diploid zygote, and the other fuses with the polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm.
What is double fertilization?