Measurements
List the Measures of Central tendency
Mean: most commonly used measure of central tendency
Median: exact middle of distribution
Mode: most frequently occurring score (can be bimodal)
Which term refers to whether the study was done right and that the data reflect a true cause-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variable
What is Internal validity?
A test form or tool with more than 1 test form, that the entire test forms produce the same or consistent results
What is Parallel forms (aka alternate forms) reliability
Committees formed to evaluate, approve, monitor, and review research conducted under the aegis (guidance) of the entity
What is the Institutional Review Boards?
Which of the following is not a type of variance:
a) standard deviation b) range c) mode d) quadri- something range
mode
List the measures of Variability
Range, Interquartile range, Semi-interquartile range, Standard deviation
the degree to which you can apply the results from your study to the theoretical constructs and ideas that were the basis of the study
What is Construct validity?
What is the cuts off the highest and lowest 25?
What is Interquartile range?
Also known as the Pygmalion Effect and is the experimental expectancy which is a threat to construct validity. Means the greater the expectation of the experimenter, the better the participants tend to perform
What is the Rosenthal effect?
How do you maximize construct validity?
Use well-validated, reliable instruments and measures, be conservative in assumptions about the information provided by chosen measures
This term means the consistency of measures
What is reliability?
Degree to which results from one study can be generalized or extrapolated to other populations in other circumstances.
What is External validity?
Extent to which scores deviate from the mean or average score
What is standard deviation?
What are threats to construct validity?
inappropriate instrumentation, hypothesis guessing, evaluation apprehension, experimenter expectancy
Participants change behavior because they know they are being observed.
What is the Hawthorne Effect?
Term that means a test measures what it is suppose to measure
What is validity?
2 people observing the behavior report the same results.
What is Inter-observer reliability?
What is the most commonly used measure of central tendency?
What is mean?
What are the three principles of research from the Belmont Report?
Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice
What are the two types of criterion related validity?
Concurrent and Predictive
The degree to which conclusions we reach about data are reasonable, credible, and believable. Includes False Negative and False Positive
What is Conclusion (statistical) validity?
if you get the same results on the same person in the same environment giving the test more than once
What is Test-retest reliability?
Within the test item or measurable unit: if you have more than 1 item to measure the same concept it should produce the same results
What is Internal consistency reliability?
List the 5 threats to internal validity?
History, maturation, testing, mortality threat, and Hawthorne
When is it okay to pay people to participate in research study?
Offers of payment may be made for reimbursement of out of pocket expense, compensation for time and burdens, or as a recruitment incentive.