Basic Concepts
Variables
Samples
Research surveys
Methods
100
A research project on a well known topic which uses a hypothesis to make predictions about the data, is an example of what kind of research
What is deductive research?
100
The variable being manipulated that is used to support or refute a hypothesis
What is the independent variable?
100
Sampling which cannot be generalized to the larger population
What is non-probability sampling?
100
The same instrument can measure the same concept consistently at different times with different participants
What is reliability?
100
A study which does not try to make a causal relationship and may generate other hypothesis or research questions
What is a qualitative study?
200
A method of research that is sometimes referred to as reductionist because it usually compares variables, the effects of treatments and is deductive
What is quantitative research?
200
A Likhert Scale (completely disagree, disagree, agree, agree completely) is an example of what kind of variable
What is an Nominal variable?
200
Samples which only use participants who fit certain criteria
What is criterion sampling?
200
A common flaw in surveys, where one question is actually asking for two different responses.
What is a doubled barreled question?
200
Investigating previous hypothesis, variables, theories, methodologies is an essential step in creating a research project
What is a literature review?
300
An exploratory research study about a little known topic whose data can be used to create a hypothesis. This is an example of what kind of research
What is inductive research?
300
IQ scores or temperatures are examples of what kind of variables
What are Interval variables?
300
Samples which compare equal or proportional numbers in each subgroup
What is quota sampling?
300
A question that implies the researcher's own biases or which is searching for agreement.
What is a leading question?
300
One of 6 ethical problems in a research study where a participant is not aware of whether or not they are receiving an intervention
What is deception?
400
Several interrelated explanatory statements about a phenomenon
What is a theory?
400
Income, age, height are examples of what kinds of variables
What are Ordinal variables?
400
Sampling which uses the first set of participants to identify other participants who fit the study’s criteria. Often used with hard to reach populations
What is snowball sampling?
400
An instrument accurately measures the concept(s) it is meant to measure.
What is validity?
400
Gathering a detailed opinion on a topic from participants and using their quotes as data is an example of this kind of method of research.
What is narrative research?
500
A statement which assumes a relationship between variables
What is a hypothesis?
500
Ethnicity, religious affiliation, gender are examples of
What are Nominal variables?
500
Samples which use the participants who are the easiest to find
What is convenience sampling?
500
The following are 3 of the 9 steps in creating this kind of survey are:Identify the purpose of the study, dimensions of the study and , selecting the type of instrument
What is a quantitative survey?
500
In this kind of study, the researcher is only observing, the data set is clearly defined and not subject to change, and inter-rater reliability is essential to quantify the results.
What is a structured observational study?