Theorist
defined nursing as “the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery"
Florence Nightingale
An idea that we take for granted; presumed to be true
Assumption
A client presents to emergency room with a wound to the right leg. The nurse then gathers data to support this diagnosis. This is known as:
Deductive reasoning
The nurse researcher is interested in conducting a study. After defining the problem, which step of the research process is next?
Select a research design
In preparation for a study, the nurse will develop a method for participants’ identification to maintain privacy and confidentiality. Which method is best for the researcher to use for participant identification?
Use a number or code for each participant.
highlighted humanistic aspects of nursing as they intertwine with scientific knowledge and nursing practice
Jean Watson
The parent of a child who is participating in a research study using high-dose steroids wishes to withdraw the child from the study. Despite reassurance that adverse reactions to steroids in children are uncommon, they still want to withdraw. Which right is being exercise?
The unit committee in the intensive care unit is designing a research study to see whether the spiritual needs of patients are being met. The study will involve patient interviews after discharge. After the interview process, the staff will examine patient statements for recurring themes. The unit committee is conducting ____________________ research.
Qualitative research
The nurse is planning to initiate a research project that involves adult patients as participants. The nurse accepts moral and legal responsibility to protect research participants from physical or emotional harm. Which mechanism will the nurse utilize for participant protection?
1. The research facility Board of Directors
2. The research facility Board of Medical Advisors
3. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the research facility
4. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
3. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the research facility
What is an example of a study that lead to the harm of many study participants?
Tuskegee Experiment
focused on individual needs of the patient (14 to be specific)
Virginia Henderson
A patient experiences pain after undergoing surgery. The nurse forms a mental image of pain based on the nurse’s own experiences with pain. Which term describes this mental image?
1. Phenomenon
2. Concept
3. Assumption
4. Paradigm
2. Concept
(A concept is a mental image of a phenomenon, an aspect of reality that you can observe and experience)
The nurse is providing care to a patient who is nauseous, vomiting, experiencing abdominal pain, and has no bowel sounds. The nurse concludes the patient’s symptoms may be associated with a paralytic ileus. Which type of thinking is the nurse using to arrive at this conclusion?
Inductive reasoning
(specific-->general)
What is the final phase of the research process?
Use/disseminate the research findings
What information must be included for consent to be informed?
Must include: what is expected, the info needs provided in writing, and the person has to sign written consent
the nurse is considered part of the patient’s environment and the nurse-patient relationship is for meeting goals towards good health
Imogene King
A paradigm involves a __________ perspective of our world view.
Broader perspective
(the worldview or ideology of a discipline=how we see things)
A client brought to the Emergency Room is complaining of numbness to the lower extremities after a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Neurological deficits are note in the lower extremities only. MRI shows a hematoma on the spine. Which type of thinking is the nurse using to arrive at this conclusion?
Inductive reasoning
(Specific-->General)
***Double jeopardy if you can give a specific example that would be Deductive reasoning***
The nurse researcher is conducting a research study on the association between aging male populations and the development of prostate cancer. The nurse uses a sample of 50 males older than 80 years of age. The quantitative research finds that many of the participants developed cancer after age 80 years. Which is the flaw in this research if the nurse reports all males over 80 years of age will most likely develop prostate cancer?
1. The problem statement does not provide enough information.
2. Sample size is too small to make a generalization.
3. The research is only valuable to those working with aging males.
4. The research design is most likely inappropriate for the type of study.
2. Sample size is too small to make a generalization.
The purpose of research
Improve practice, define/describe nursing care, guide practice, provide basis for clinical decision making, and advance practice.
The nurse is providing care for a patient originating from a country in the Middle East. The patient has a nasogastric (NG) tube for stomach decompression for a blocked bowel. Which statement by the nurse indicates use of the theory developed by Madeline Leininger when the patient asks if a family member can bring in garlic to be administered through the NG tube?
1. “I think the administration of garlic will cause gastric upset.”
2. “I am sure the physician would not be in favor of allowing this.”
3. “Let’s give the physician’s medical treatment a chance to work first.”
4. “Please explain the association between garlic and your condition.”
4. “Please explain the association between garlic and your condition.”
(focuses on the values of cultural diversity; the nurse must make cultural accommodations for the health benefit of the patient)
According Maslow, we have to meet the physiological needs before we can attempt to meet the self esteem needs is applicable to what theoretical term?
Statements/Propositions
A student nurse is following a group of researchers for the week. At the end of the week, the student nurse has to report on what type of research was done. Select all of the quantitive examples of research presented below.
1. A new drug trial for patients with diabetes between 30 to 50 years old living in the state of Illinois.
2. A hospital looking at CAUTIs (catheter associated UTIs) through chart auditing of all the medical surgical patients.
3. 100 recent RN graduates were surveyed about job satisfaction in the first 6 months of their nursing career.
4. A 3 day interview process was completed with 15 caregivers to learn about their experience with caregiver role strain while caring for their spouse.
5. 10 recent RN graduates were asked to complete a written questionnaire about job satisfaction in the first 6 months of their nursing career.
1, 2, 3
What three ethical considerations should the nurse be mindful of when conducting research?
Human rights
Informed consent
Confidentiality/Anonymity
Three topics that nurses can address and integrate research into practice
Interventions that are not working or can be improved
Issues with gender equality, domestic violence, sexual harassment
Nursing theories
Ideas from others
Literature that stimulates a desire to learn, discrepancy in literature, or inconsistency in literature