Basic concepts and social context
It's a series of organized steps used to obtain a certain goal.
Method
This type of research uses documents and recorded evidences (such as books, articles, personal written works, etc.) to study something.
Document-based research
What is knowledge?
A relationship in which a subject (a person, a group of people, a culture, etc.) has information about an object (in nature, society, or thoughts) through experience, reasoning, or intuition.
Observation
It's a simplified representation of a real-world object, process, or system used to understand, explain, or predict phenomena that can't be observed directly or easily.
Model
In simple words, it's the act of searching for knowledge through different means such as observation, analysis, experiments, etc.
Research
Based on their analyzed field (the natural world, human processes/phenomena, or abstract concepts), we have these 3 types of science.
• Formal sciences
• Natural sciences
• Social sciences
What are the characteristics of scientific knowledge?
• Objective
• Verifiable
• Fallible
• Systematic
It is a tentative answer about a phenomenon or process that explains why things happen.
Hypothesis
This research model describes events by seeking objective knowledge, assigning them numerical values and using variables as elements of studies.
Quantitative research
It's a systematic approach to build and organize knowledge about the physical/natural world and the human world based on evidences, which can be used to explain and predict how processes and phenomena work.
Science
They are the 2 types of research based on their objective, which can be either gaining more knowledge to better understand something or to apply knowledge into real-world situations for some benefit.
• Pure research
• Applied research
What type of knowledge is obtained through direct experience and observation?
Empirical knowledge
TRUE or FALSE
A theory in science can be right or wrong, so it can´t be considered to be reliable to build more knowledge.
FALSE. They are established through a set of solid evidences, even if they can later be proved wrong because of new knowledge.
This research method uses specific observations to form a general conclusion.
Inductive method
Name 3 places in which professional research can be done:
Universities, research centers, government institutions, private organizations, etc.
This type of research uses controlled environments to manipulate variables and understand exactly how something happens.
Experimental research
What type of knowledge is derived from the analysis of knowledge itself and complex thinking?
Philosophical knowledge
It describes what happens and applies to every event (under a given set of circumstances), often using a mathematical representation.
Law
This research model studies events to build theories and uses subjective knowledge, by describing and categorizing characteristics/qualities.
Qualitative research
What institution in Mexico is focused on scientific and technological research, humanities, and innovation?
SECIHTI (Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación)
This type of research studies objects directly in the real world, either for natural or social areas.
Field research
What are the three elements of knowledge?
• Reason
• Cognitive activity
• Knowledge resulting from a set of ideas
By using a set of evidences, it explains why things happen in every event (given certain conditions) and can be used to build further knowledge.
Theory
Deductive method