Exp Des + Sampling
What type of experimental design is used for testing a corona virus vaccine
Independent Groups
What does IV and DV stand for?
Independent variable and Dependent variable
What is the meaning of non-maleficence?
The benefits of a study to society outweigh the risks.
Synapse
How many neurons in a human?
Ca. 100 billion
Identify the 3 types of experimental design:
In a study investigating whether eating fish improves memory, write a hypothesis:
Can deception be used in a research study?
Yes! But only when not using it would affect the results
What are the 2 functions of Myelin
1) Insulate the axon
2) Speed up transmission
Name the four lobes of the cerebral cortex
front, temporal, parietal, occipital
1) Assigning an identifier to each member of the population
2) Using a method to randomly select participants
In a study investigating the effect of up-and-go for breakfast and attention during session 1, identify 3 controlled variables:
Eg. amount of sleep, time of session 1, other foods for breakfast, subject during session 1 etc.
•Informed consent •Withdrawal rights •Voluntary participation •Confidentiality •Debriefing •Non-Deception
Place the components of the neuron in order of firing, starting with dendrite:
receptors, terminal, axon, dendrite, neurotransmitters, soma, synaptic gap, vesicles, axon
dendrite, soma, axon/myelin, terminal, vesicles, neurotransmitters, synaptic gap, receptors
Identify the areas responsible for:
1> unconscious movement
2> emotions and emotional memories
3> retrieving and storing memories
1> cerebellum
2> amygdala
3> hippocampus
Describe the purpose of the experiment group and the control group:
EG: to experience the change to the IV
CG: to compare the result of the EG to
What is an advantage and limitation of a self-report?
Adv: Can investigate things that are not observable (emotions, perceptions, attitudes etc)
Lim: The results are subjective (opinion) and can be biased (have errors)
A vaccine is developed that will cure Corona Virus, however 1 in 500 will end up in hospital and have a with a permanent side-effect. Males are expected to have worse side effects than females.
Which ethical concepts have been violated?
1> Non-maleficence (harm outweighs the benefits) and 2> Justice (unfair burden on males)
Identify the 5 stages of neural development
1> Proliferation
2> Migration
3> Synaptogenesis
4> Synaptic Pruning
5> Myelination
Describe the difference between development plasticity and adaptive plasticity
Developmental plasticity is changes to the structure of the brain due to developmental processes (such as synaptic pruning) whereas adaptive plasticity is changes in the brain due to events during a lifetime (such as damage).
The main advantage is the ability to account for a trait that might confound the results, whereas a limitation is that the process is time consuming and expensive.
Explain what type of investigation is suited for determining how young adolescents behave on their first date
Observational study, as a natural environment is required. A self-report would likely be easier, but less accurate.
Describe the meaning of informed consent and give an example of someone who cannot provide it:
> An example would be a child or an adult with a mental illness or impairment
Describe the lock and key process during neural transmission using these words:
synaptic gap, receptor, lock & key, complimentary shape, neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters enter the synaptic gap and act like a key, binding to receptors, which act like a lock, due to their complimentary shape.
Explain what age has the highest number of synapses and why this is so
Age 2 (infants) because the first wave of synaptic pruning has not occurred yet