Types
Research _________ conduct research studies
Producers
A ______ describes general principles about how variables relate
Theory
Articles written by experts and reviewed by other professionals
Peer-Reviewed Journal Article
A summary of the article; read it to figure out what the article is about.
Abstract
The tendency to look only at information that agrees with what we already believe
Confirmation bias
Research ________ read research and apply it to their work
Consumers
A specific prediction based on theory
Hypothesis
News and commentary that most of us read or hear on television.
Journalism
This section explains the topic of the study, describes the theoretical and empirical background for the research, and states the specific research goals for the current study
Introduction
The belief that we are unlikely to fall prey to other biases.
Bias blind spot
______ Research adds to our general understanding
Basic
A set of observations
Data
Articles that summarize all the published studies that have been conducted in that particular research area
Review journal articles
How the researchers conducted the study; includes subsections on participants, materials, procedure, and apparatus.
Method
When we notice what is present and thus fail to look for absences.
Present/present bias
_________ Research is the bridge between basic and applied research
Translational
Colleting data to develop, support, or challenge theory
Empiricism
All other things being equal, the simplest solution is the best (Occam’s razor).
Parsimony
This section describes the statistical tests used and the quantitative or qualitative results of the study.
Results
Being persuaded by what comes easily to mind
Availability heuristic
______ Research is done to solve a practical problem
Applied
Good theories are ________. That is, a theory needs to lead to predictions that, when tested, could prove to be wrong and thus challenge the theory itself.
falsifiable
A conclusion drawn from reviewing scientific literature and considering the proportion of studies that is consistent with a theory
Weight of the Evidence
This section summarizes the study and discusses the study’s significant contributions and perhaps alternative explanations for their results.
Discussion
Experience has no __________, which allows us to compare what would occur both with and without whatever it is that interests us
comparison group