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Validity & Reliability
IV & DV/ Units
Types of Measurements
Threats to Research
Random
100
When we say something is , we make a judgment about the extent to which relevant evidence supports that inference as being true or correct.
What is valid
100
In a classical experiment, the researcher uses a(n) ____________________ to offset the effects of the experiment itself.
What is control group
100
Sometimes it is necessary to make the same measurement more than once. This is known as _____.
What is test-retest method
100
__________ is a threat to internal validity in experiments refers to as people grow and change.
What is Maturation
100
Neither the subjects nor the researcher can identify which group is the control group and which is the experimental group. Which design does this describe?
What is double-blind
200
If a researcher is concerned with whether a particular measurement technique will, after repeated measures, yield the same results, they are concerned with _____.
What is reliability
200
Independant Variable in the following statement: Testing the influence fast pace music affecting the pace of a runner.
What is face paced music
200
The age of an offender is an example of which level of measurement?
What is ratio
200
If randomization is not possible, what should the researcher do?
What is use a quasi-experimental design
200
Concepts are ______.
What is mental images
300
Emma pushes 1 swing 20 times in a row and calculates the average (mean) of the speed of the swing. Then Joe pushes 1 swing 20 times in a row and calculates the average (mean) of the speed of the swing This is an example of ___________.
What is reliability
300
Violence in children’s programming is a major research endeavor that requires counting the number of violent acts in Saturday morning cartoons for an entire year. The units of analysis being used for this project are _____.
What is social artifacts
300
Ranks in the local police department represent what level of measurement?
What is ordinal
300
After careful study of the relationship between the economy and arson, the conclusion was drawn that when the economy is poor and unemployment is high, the arson rates go up. The researcher concluded that unemployed people are more likely to commit arson than are those who are employed. What error was just committed?
What is the ecological fallacy
300
Research that asks people to recall their pasts is called _____________ research.
What is retrospective
400
Professor Smith is studying attitudes toward gun control and plans to assess support for firearms registration by determining whether or not her research subjects say they would travel to countries where the possession of unlicensed guns is legal. Her critics argue that this measure lacks _____.
What is face validity
400
The primary difference between the interval and the ratio level of variables is that _____.
What is ratio level is on a true zero point, while interval level is not
400
When including an item on a questionnaire that asks about marijuana use in the following way: never used, used 1 – 5 times, used 6 – 10 times, used more than ten times, this would be an example of what type of variable?
What is ordinal
400
subjects dropping out of an experiment is an example of a threat to accurate example of threats to __________?
What is internal validity
400
The two pillars of science are logic and ______________.
What is observation
500
Validity that is related to the logical relationships between variables is known as _____.
What is construct validity
500
Police departments, federal courthouses, and drug treatment facilities are example of ________ as units of analysis?
What is organizations
500
The production report generated at the city police department contains the number of arrests made by each officer on a monthly basis. What level of measurement would number of arrests be?
What is ratio
500
The main reason why ____________ is used to select subjects for control and experimental groups in a classical experiment is that the groups will be statistically equivalent.
What is randomization
500
If a cross-sectional study can be likened to a “snapshot,” and a trend study to a “slide show,” then which of the following is most like a “motion picture?”
What is panel study