Correlational Research
This number tells you both the direction and strength of a correlation.
What is Pearson’s R (the correlation coefficient)?
The variable that an experimenter assesses or measures to determine whether or not the manipulation has had an effect.
What is the dependent variable?
A factorial design in which participants are randomly assigned to groups for both independent variables is called a ___ factorial design.
What is between subjects?
A graph that can be used to represent the pattern of relationship between scores from two quantitative variables is called this
What is a scatterplot?
This has to have at least two levels.
What is a variable?
In this type of correlation, as one variable decreases, the other increases.
What is a negative correlation?
This group is used in an experiment so we can compare the experimental manipulation to something lacking the treatment/intervention of interest.
What is a control group?
When one of the independent variables is a between-subjects factor and the other is a within-subjects factor.
What is a mixed factorial design?
A graph in which the mean value of the DV for each level of a categorical IV is represented as a vertical column.
What is a bar graph?
A type of validity in which results of a study can be generalized to the outside settings, other people, or over time.
What is external validity?
These are the three possible explanations for a correlation.
What are A causes B, B causes A, or C causes both A and B?
A research design used when the researcher cannot randomly assign experimental participants to groups.
What is a quasi-experiment?
This is the number of independent groups in a 3x4x2 between subjects factorial design
What is 24?
A graph in which the frequency for each bin of a quantitative variable is represented as a vertical column.
What is a histogram?
A type of validity in which results of the study are due to the manipulation of the independent variable and not some other factor.
What is internal validity?
This type of variable influences the strength or direction of a correlation between two other variables.
What is a moderator?
This type of experiment measures only one group at pretest and posttest.
What is the “really bad experiment”?
If one of the independent variables has a significant effect on the depending variables, we say there is this.
What is a main effect?
Graphically, the results of a factorial interaction are depicted with this type of lines.
What is intersecting (or non-parallel)?
This kind of validity refers to the degree to which a test measures what it claims, or purports, to be measuring.
What is construct validity?
This type of variable explains why two other variables are related.
What is a mediator?
This is the first question we should always ask when choosing our experimental design.
How many independent variables are there?
An example this would be finding that the effect of study method (key term recall vs. summarizing) on learning depended on the type of test (enumeration or sequential).
What is an interaction?
The equation for a line of best fit through a scatterplot is determined through this statistical procedure.
What is regression?
This principle of scientific thinking states that a hypothesis is testable only if it is able to be proven false.
What is falsifiability?