Traditional Study Designs
data collection of a single sample done on multiple occasions
longitudinal design
An experimental condition that can be of questionable ethics in which a treatment is not given
Control Group
The probability of finding a false positive
Type I Error
Research that is focused on empowering members of a community in order to understand change and what stimulates it.
Action Research
a method of data collection which allows the interviewee to use their own words to discuss topics relevant to the interviewer's guided questions
semi-structured interview
A type of study which collects responses on one occasion which allows comparison between subgroups
Cross-sectional designs
What is a confidence interval?
"the interval around the mean of a sample that one can state with a known probability contains the mean of the population"
a unknown (to the investigator) variable which may impact the outcome variable in an uncontrolled manne
uncontrolled variable
Research concerned with exploring an individual's lived experiences of health and illness through examining cognitive processing used to make meaning of an experience
interpretative phenomenological analysis
A method of data collection that has been shown to reduce illness symptoms and help cancer patients express closure, and has been shown to have greater influences than a patient's doctors
diaries/blogs
a method used to "understand the meanings, purposes, and intentions of behavior"
qualitative research methods
the ability to accurately and openly describe in full detail the participants, intervention, comparison, and outcome
transparency
The strength of an association between variables and outcome
Effect size
"an open-ended approach using qualitative or mixed methods data to learn about the thoughts, feelings and lived experiences of the research participants"
bottom-up (not bottoms up) approach
a systematic method utilizing standard questions in order to assess feelings, attitudes, beliefs, or knowledge
surveys
A detailed description of a phenomenon in context in order to understand it as a whole.
Case study
personal or institutional bias toward a particular conclusion that must be declared during publication.
"the use of statistical techniques to combine the results of primary studies addressing the same question into a single pooled measure of effect size"
meta-analysis
a method used to attempt to describe the beliefs, practices, knowledge, and behaviors of a cultural group as an insider by either overt or covert observation
ethnographic methods
a method of data collection which assumes all humans are storytellers and seeks to obtain an extended account of that person's life
Narrative approaches
Evidence of bias in systematic reviews
systematic reviews of the same topic can produce significantly different results
"the attempt by an investigator to repeat a study purely to determine whether the original findings can be repeated"
replication
the three statistical parameters on which power relies
1) significance level
2) sample size
3) effect size
A set of procedures used to analyze how language is used to construct social reality
Discourse analysis
what are questionnaires selected based on?
content, sensitivity, reliability, and validity