Things You Should Know
Vocabulary
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More Terms
100

This means that there is no identifying information was ever collected from humans in the study.

What is anonymous?

100

This is a principle of ethics in which we should respect peoples' autonomy. 

What is respect for persons?

100

This is when we use a pretest to check an operationalization question

What is construct validity?

100
This is a non-random method of sampling of people/cases into your sample.

What is quota sampling?

100
This non-random sampling technique is when you use one person to help you find others.

What is snowball sampling?

200

This is an outcome variable

What is the dependent Variable?

200

This is when the correlation between two variables is spurious if there exists a third variable that is actually the cause of the correlation.

What is a spurious variable?

200

This is when we do nothing that will definitely cause harm to respondents 

What is beneficence?
200

These are answer categories that are equally spaced from one another and a real zero exists

What is a ratio variable?

200
When you divide a theoretical population into groups, randomly sample a few of the groups, and do it again until you get to a good sampling frame. 

What is cluster sampling?

300

This is a causal research question in which the effect being investigated is very specific.

What is an ideographic research question?

300

This fallacy is taking group level information and applying it to individuals.

What is the ecological fallacy?

300

This is an empirical association

What is a correlation?

300

This is related to causal validity. If you want to prove that one thing is the cause of something else, then the cause has to come before the effect

What is temporal order?

300

This is a statistic about the actual elements of the sample. No inference is involved.

What is a descriptive statistic?

400

This is a non-random sampling technique where people/units of analysis are included because of their varied perspectives.

What is purposive sampling?

400

This is a proposed cause in a cause-effect relationship.

What is the independent variable?

400

When a respondents personally identifying information has been collected and the researcher is keeping it safe.

What is confidential?

400
If you ask a question again at another time and you can expect to get the same answer.

What is test-retest reliability?

400

This is when you are saying that a sample represents the population. You can only do this if you have a large random sample.

What is an inferential statistic? 

500

This needs to be a causal question. 

What is a nomothetic research question?

500

When we observe or gather data and then develop hypotheses about what's going on.

What is inductive research?

500

This is when a hypothesis comes first, then is checked using the data. 

What is deductive research?

500

This sampling eliminates selection bias by getting a good sampling frame.

What is random sampling?

500
This is when the type of people who bear the burdens of research should be the same types of people to reap the benefits of the research.

What is justice?