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Critical Thinking
Research Basics
Research Methods
Anatomy of an Experiment
Statistics
100
A careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge.
What is critical thinking.
100
A set of principles, built on observations and other verifiable facts, that explains some phenomenon and predicts its future behavior.
What is a theory?
100
A careful analysis of one person.
What is a case study?
100
The group that receives a placebo instead of a real treatment.
What is the control group?
100
Range and standard deviation are examples of these?
What are measures of central tendency?
200
The error in which, after an event occurs, we claim we knew it would occur all along.
What is hindsight bias?
200
A testable prediction.
What is a hypothesis?
200
Studying more than one individual in a realistic setting without attempting to intervene.
What is a naturalistic observation?
200
A technique for making sure that every individual in a population has an equal chance of being in your sample.
What is random sampling?
200
Mean, median, and mode are examples of these.
What are measures of variance?
300
The error in which we overestimate our performance, rate of work, skills, or degree of self control.
What is overconfidence error?
300
Formal definitions for the variables we are researching
What are operational definitions?
300
A method of gathering information about many people’s thoughts or behaviors through self-report rather than observation.
What is a survey?
300
A technique for ensuring that every participant in a study has an equal chance of being in the experimental group.
What is random assignment?
300
The term for a distribution that does not look like a normal bell curve.
What is a skewed distribution?
400
The error in which we overestimate our own accuracy.
What is overconfidence error?
400
Trying research again using the same operational definitions of the concepts and procedures.
What is replication?
400
A measure of how closely two factors vary together.
What is a correlation?
400
The variable the researcher manipulates.
What is the independent variable?
400
The statistic which tells us how strongly one variable predicts a change in another.
What is the correlation coefficient?
500
The error in which we perceive order in random events.
What is the coincidence error?
500
Setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful and organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
What is the scientific method?
500
The only research method that can prove cause and effect.
What is an experiment?
500
Anything that impacts the dependent variable besides the independent variable.
What are confounding variables?
500
The statistic which tells us if our results are statistically significant.
What is the p value?