Ethics
How many animals should be used in a study?
A questionnaire is a type of ____.
Self Report
This type of data is numerical
Quantitative
Independent Measures, Repeated Measures, and Matched Pairs are all examples of _____.
Experimental Design
What type of variable is manipulated by the experimenter?
Independent Variable
Use this graph for categorical data
Pie or bar graph
a sample of participants who happen to be at a certain place and agree to participate in a study
opportunity sampling
Participants in a study are entitled to protection from both _____ and _____ harm
Physical and psychological
Likert Scales, either/or questions, multiple choice, yes/no questions are all this type of question.
closed question
This type of data runs the risk of being subjective
Qualitative
This type of experiment takes place in artificial surroundings.
Laboratory Experiment
Milgram's study, which involved electric shocks (both real and faked) and feigned severe health conditions had several _____ issues.
Ethical
a relationship between two variables that tend to move in the same direction
Positive correlation
This method provides an equal chance to be selected to the target population
random sampling
When animals are used, researchers need to work to avoid any unnecessary _____.
distress/discomfort/pain
Structured, Semi-Structured, and UnStructured are all types of _____.
Interview
What are the three Measures of Central Tendency used in data analysis?
Mean, Median, Mode
Because you cannot control the Independent Variable, this type of experiment is not a true experiment.
Natural Experiment
What type of study was Saavedra and Silverman's Button Boy?
Case Study, Laboratory Experiment
This type of graph is best used to display segments of information or changes over time
bar graphs
Studies that are advertised in search of willing participants use this type of sampling
volunteer sampling
When deception is necessary for a study, what do researchers need to ensure that they do in the end?
Define Social Desirability Bias
participants wanting to appear acceptable or morally correct, and potentially lying in self-reports
What are the two Measures of Spread in data analysis?
Range and Standard Deviation
Field Experiments usually have higher _____ _____ than Laboratory Experiments.
Ecological Validity
Piliavin's Subway Samaritans study took place on a public train during the work day. The setting gave this study high _____ _____.
Ecological Validity
This type of graph demonstrates the correlation between two variables
Scatter plots
Volunteer sampling is sometimes known as _____ _____.
self selecting
What is a substitute for informed consent when getting informed consent is not possible?
Presumptive/Presumed Consent
reliability
This distribution of data has the mean, median, and mode in the center, with 50% of the data to the left and 50% of the data to the right of the center.
Normal Distribution (Curve)
Variables other than the IV that could potentially affect the DV are known as _____ variables.
Extraneous
Yamamoto, Pepperberg
These are 2 differences that histograms have compared to bar graphs
no spaces and continuous data
Your sample size can affect the _____ of your study.
generalizability