Research Methods: Sampling

Key Terms

100

This is theoretically specified aggregation of study elements. What is this? 

Population

200

This is the aggregation of elements from which the sample is actually selected. What is this?

Study Population

300

This indicates that each element has an equal chance of selection independent of any other event in the selection process. What is this? 

Random Selection

400

This is a list from which the elements of the population are selected. Researchers draw their sample from this. What is this? 

Sampling Frame

Sampling Bias

100

This bias is the unwarranted generalization of research findings to the population as a whole when one gender is not adequately represented in the sample. What is this? 

Gender Bias 

200

This bias is the unwarranted generalization of research findings to the population as a whole when one culture or ethnic group is not adequately represented in the sample. What is this? 

Cultural Bias 

300

This bias occurs when a substantial number of people in a randomly selected sample choose not to participate. What is this? 

Nonresponse Bias 

400

This bias occurs when sampling frames are not consonant to which we seek to generalize. What is this? 

Overgeneralization

Probability Sampling

100

This indicates a type of random sampling in which procedures for sample selection are strictly based on chance and each case has an equal chance of being selected. What is this type of sampling? 

Simple Random Sampling

200

This indicates a type of random sampling in which the first case from a list is selected and then every kth case on the same list is selected. What is this sampling? 

Systematic Random Sampling

300

This random sampling is used when a list of all members of a population does not exist. This indicates a type of random sampling in which an initial sample of group members is selected, then listed, and the listed members are subsampled, which provides the final sample of members. What is this sampling? 

Cluster Random Sampling

400

This indicates a type of random sampling in which a sample is drawn from strata, subgroups defined by a particular characteristic of a sample and the sample population should be proportionate to the whole population. What is this sampling? 

Stratified Random Sampling

Nonprobability Sampling

100

This indicates a type of nonprobability sampling in which cases are selected based on their availability to the researcher

Convenience Sampling

200

This nonprobability sampling indicates the process of accumulation as each located subject suggests other participants. Namely, a researcher selects one member of the population and then asks that person to identify others in the population

Snowball Sampling

300

This indicates a type of nonprobability sampling in which sampling characteristics are based on elective criteria that define a unique group and targeting knowledgeable individuals/expertise 

Purposive Sampling

400

This indicates a type of nonprobability sampling in which a researcher chooses to sample a subgroup based on a particular demographic to meet the needs of their study 

Quota Sampling

Final Jeopardy

400

What is the primary reason for using probability sampling in a research study? 

In order for the sample to represent the characteristics of the population