Resisting Apartheid

Key Terms

100

What term means, "situations where numerous people behave simultaneously in a similar way"?

Mass Action

200

What term means, "the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest"?

Civil Disobedience

300

Who was the young lawyer that changed the tactics of the ANC in 1944? 

Nelson Mandela

400

What was the name of the protest event (1952) where the ANC instructed people to break apartheid laws? 

The Defiance Campaign

500

What was the name of the document written in 1955 which laid out the ANC's vision of South Africa's future? 

The Freedom Charter

Critical Thinking

100

How did the ANC change in 1944?

They adopted new peaceful but confrontational methods like mass action and civil disobedience 

200

What was the goal of the Defiance Campaign?

To fill the prisons, thus overloading the system and getting the government to change the apartheid laws

300

Describe one way in which the Defiance Campaign was significant? 

1. It increased support inside and outside the country (new members and UN) 

2. Protestors learned they are more effective when they work together 

400

Describe one thing that the Freedom Charter called for? 

1. Human rights for all

2. Political rights for all 

3. Nonracial future 

4. Equal distribution of wealth 

5. Education 

500

How did the apartheid government respond to these protest movements in 1955-56?

They arrested 156 people including the leaders of the ANC, Nelson Mandela. This was called the Treason Trial.