L
This often results from poorly treated or untreated pulmonary infections, immune system problems, or genetic factors?
Bronchiectasis pg 541
This is characterized by over-inflation of lung tissue caused by a loss of elasticity and leads to this acid base issue?
COPD
resp acid
For the client with Right lobe PNA, the client should be placed how to promote gravity drainage of the left lung?
Left Lateral
This is a continuous musical sound occurring in clients with bronchial constriction and when do you hear this?
Stridor
epiglottis, anaphylaxis
A ___________ has occurred when bubbling is noted in the water seal chamber when the client coughs? Should this be reported to HCP?
air leak
If it's NEW it should be reported to the HCP and requires further intervention.
The following activities can help you get the "feel" of pursed lip breathing?
-blow through a straw in a glass of water with the intent of forming sm bubbles
-blow a lit candle enough to bend the flame w/o blowing it out
-steadily blow a table-tennis ball across a table
-blow a tissue held in the hand until it gently flaps
pg 558
Asthma drugs are divided into 2 groups........
1- quick relief, rescue meds to treat attacks SABAs
2-long term control medications, controller meds LABAs
pg549
This is a grating sound heard during inspiration caused by inflammation of the pleural lining... and can be heard when?
Pleural Friction Rub
Pleurisy and PNA
This is the measurement of the levels of CO2?
capnography
Isoniazid is used to treat which disease? What is the most common adverse effect? How long will they need to expect to take this?
TB
hepatitis
3-9 months
This is how COPD is confirmed and the severity? Explain what happens during this.
Spirometry
in this the pt receives a SABA. Post bronchodil values are compared with a normal refernce value. A dx of COPD is made when FEV/FVC ratio is less than 70%. The value of the FEV prov a guideline for the degree of severity. The lower the FEV the more obstructed the airways. pg 565
Clients at risk for ______________________ have a decreased level of consciousness, like from a head injury, seizures, or anesthesia may experience depression of the cough and gag reflex.
aspiration PNA
This is the gold standard to Dx Cystic Fibrosis
sweat choloride test
During an acute asthma attack what is the nurses priority??
Implement interventions to open the airway such as bronchodilator!!
This is preventable, treatable, but off progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation.
COPD
For most pts, this is the O2 goal in COPD?
the goal of o2 therapy is to keep the sao2 great than 90% during rest, sleep, and exertion or the pao2 greater than 60mmhg. some HCP may accept an sao2 greater than 88%. pg 567
Influenza
post thoracentesis- This required IMMEDIATE follow up by the nurse- this can be a complication of bleeding.
muffled breath sounds.
These are priority to be at bedside post tracheostomy?
manual resuscitation bag
In COPD, the client will experience chronic hypoxemia which leads to this?? WHY?
Polycythemia, elev red blood cells to increase amount of RBS that carry O2 to the body.
Explain the purpose of postural drainage
use of positioning techniques that drain secretions from specific segments of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea. positions used depend on the area of the lung that are involved. Purpose is to drain each segment toward the larger waiways.
Patient education for COPD and how to decrease dyspnea and conserve energy?
rest for 30 mins before eating, and use bronchodilators before meals, avoid exercise and tx for at least 1 hr before and after eating. encourage activity to stimulate appetite. pg 572
autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations on the CFTR gene. pg 577
The hallmark manifestation is persistent cough with consistent prod of thick, tenacious, purulent sputum. Some pts with severe disease and upper lobe involvement may have no sputum prod and little cough.
CFRD is unique why????? why is this caused?
CF-related DM- it has characteristics of DM type 1 and 2. The pancreas in people with CF makes insulin, but they make it too late to fully respond to carb intake. pg 577
pancreatic insuff is caused by mucus plugging of the pancreatic exocrine ducts. results in atrophy of the gland and progressive fibrotic cyst formation.